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During the mid-1600s, the [[Yemen|Yemeni]] ambassador al-Ḥaymī, traveling in [[Ethiopian Empire|Abyssinia]] encountered religious scholars known as Kabirs in eastern [[Tigray]], who asserted their descent from Kabir Salih. The moniker al-Kabiri has persisted to the present day, linked to notable religious families within the [[Tigre people|Tigre]] and [[Saho people|Saho]] communities.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Szombathy |first1=Zoltán |title=WHAT IS A NOMINAL MUSLIM? AN ARAB TRAVELLER’S ENCOUNTERS WITH MUSLIM COMMUNITIES IN 17TH-CENTURY ETHIOPIA |publisher=Eötvös Loránd University |pages=219-220 |url=https://www.academia.edu/97416775/WHAT_IS_A_NOMINAL_MUSLIM_AN_ARAB_TRAVELLERS_ENCOUNTERS_WITH_MUSLIM_COMMUNITIES_IN_17TH_CENTURY_ETHIOPIA}}</ref> |
During the mid-1600s, the [[Yemen|Yemeni]] ambassador al-Ḥaymī, traveling in [[Ethiopian Empire|Abyssinia]] encountered religious scholars known as Kabirs in eastern [[Tigray]], who asserted their descent from Kabir Salih. The moniker al-Kabiri has persisted to the present day, linked to notable religious families within the [[Tigre people|Tigre]] and [[Saho people|Saho]] communities.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Szombathy |first1=Zoltán |title=WHAT IS A NOMINAL MUSLIM? AN ARAB TRAVELLER’S ENCOUNTERS WITH MUSLIM COMMUNITIES IN 17TH-CENTURY ETHIOPIA |publisher=Eötvös Loránd University |pages=219-220 |url=https://www.academia.edu/97416775/WHAT_IS_A_NOMINAL_MUSLIM_AN_ARAB_TRAVELLERS_ENCOUNTERS_WITH_MUSLIM_COMMUNITIES_IN_17TH_CENTURY_ETHIOPIA}}</ref> |
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British explorer [[Richard Francis Burton|Richard Burton]], who sojourned in Harar around the mid-19th century, references Kabirs [[Khalil (scholar)|Khalil]] and Yonis, who are noted as the prominent religious leaders in the [[Emirate of Harar]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burton |first1=Richard |title=First footsteps in East Africa |url=http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/amcdouga/Hist347/additional%20rdgs/First%20footsteps%20in%20East%20Africa,%20by%20Richard%20Burton%20(chapter8).pdf |archive-date=2021-05-18 |access-date=2021-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518020109/http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/amcdouga/Hist347/additional%20rdgs/First%20footsteps%20in%20East%20Africa,%20by%20Richard%20Burton%20(chapter8).pdf |url-status=dead }} “The chief Ulema are the Kabir Khalil, the Kabir Yunis, and the Shaykh Jami, the Berteri of Somali (the b: the two former scarcely ever quit their houses, devoting all their time to study and tuition: the latter is a Somali who takes an active part in politics. These professors teach Moslem literature through the medium of Harari, a peculiar dialect confined within the walls”</ref> |
British explorer [[Richard Francis Burton|Richard Burton]], who sojourned in Harar around the mid-19th century, references Kabirs [[Khalil (scholar)|Khalil]] and Yonis, who are noted as the prominent religious leaders in the [[Emirate of Harar]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Burton |first1=Richard |title=First footsteps in East Africa |url=http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/amcdouga/Hist347/additional%20rdgs/First%20footsteps%20in%20East%20Africa,%20by%20Richard%20Burton%20(chapter8).pdf |archive-date=2021-05-18 |access-date=2021-02-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518020109/http://www.artsrn.ualberta.ca/amcdouga/Hist347/additional%20rdgs/First%20footsteps%20in%20East%20Africa,%20by%20Richard%20Burton%20(chapter8).pdf |url-status=dead }} “The chief Ulema are the Kabir Khalil, the Kabir Yunis, and the Shaykh Jami, the Berteri of Somali (the b: the two former scarcely ever quit their houses, devoting all their time to study and tuition: the latter is a Somali who takes an active part in politics. These professors teach Moslem literature through the medium of Harari, a peculiar dialect confined within the walls”</ref> |
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==Notables== |
==Notables== |
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Revision as of 18:32, 14 October 2025
Harari title and teacher
Kabir (Harari: ከቢር) (sometimes spelled kabeer) is an honorific title in the Harari language.[1] It commonly designates a Muslim scholar or a teacher.[2] Enrico Cerulli states the term is of Ethiopian Semitic origin.[3]
History
According to sixteenth century Adal writer Arab Faqīh, the companions of the leaders of Adal Sultanate; Abun Adashe and Ahmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi were stated to be Kabirs.[4]
A son of a Kabir named Abbas briefly ruled the Imamate of Aussa in 1585.[5] According to the Afar locals in Afambo a Harari Muslim scholar by the name Kabir Hamza arrived into the region, and introduced Hanafi legal school into Aussa his descendants today are known as “Kabirtu” and identify as Harla.[6][7] Kabirtu in Afar trace their lineage to the Walasma dynasty.[8] Kabir Hamza Mahmud al-Awsiyyi a Harla clan affiliate was known as the scholar of Aussa.[9]
During the mid-1600s, the Yemeni ambassador al-Ḥaymī, traveling in Abyssinia encountered religious scholars known as Kabirs in eastern Tigray, who asserted their descent from Kabir Salih. The moniker al-Kabiri has persisted to the present day, linked to notable religious families within the Tigre and Saho communities.[10]
British explorer Richard Burton, who sojourned in Harar around the mid-19th century, references Kabirs Khalil and Yonis, who are noted as the prominent religious leaders in the Emirate of Harar.[11]
Notables
People with the title include:
See also
References
- ^ Nieuwazny, Adam. Civil Status Documents from Harar under Egyptian Administration (PDF). University of Warsaw. p. 45.
- ^ Wagner, Ewald (1974). “Three Arabic Documents on the History of Harar”. Journal of Ethiopian Studies. 12 (1). Institute of Ethiopian Studies: 216. JSTOR 44324707.
- ^ Cerulli, Enrico. Islam Yesterday And Today translated by Emran Waber. p. 389.
- ^ Kabir Encyclopaedia Aethiopica.
- ^ Wazir. Encyclopedia Aethiopica.
- ^ Hanafism. Encyclopedia Aethiopica.
- ^ History of Harar and the Hararis (PDF). Harar tourism bureau. p. 29.
- ^ Alwan, Daoud (2000). Historical dictionary of Djibouti. Scarecrow press. p. 19. ISBN 9780810838734.
- ^ II. La légende d’Awdaḥis et la dynastie des Aydâḥisso. Corne de l’Afrique contemporaine / Contemporary Horn of Africa. Centre français des études éthiopiennes. 12 January 2018. pp. 11–18. ISBN 9782821872332.
- ^ Szombathy, Zoltán. WHAT IS A NOMINAL MUSLIM? AN ARAB TRAVELLER’S ENCOUNTERS WITH MUSLIM COMMUNITIES IN 17TH-CENTURY ETHIOPIA. Eötvös Loránd University. pp. 219–220.
- ^ Burton, Richard. First footsteps in East Africa (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-05-18. Retrieved 2021-02-22. “The chief Ulema are the Kabir Khalil, the Kabir Yunis, and the Shaykh Jami, the Berteri of Somali (the b: the two former scarcely ever quit their houses, devoting all their time to study and tuition: the latter is a Somali who takes an active part in politics. These professors teach Moslem literature through the medium of Harari, a peculiar dialect confined within the walls”
- ^ Chekroun, Amélie (2018). “Conquête(s) et conversions religieuses dans l’Éthiopie du xvie siècle”. Archives de sciences sociales des religions. 63 (182). EHESS: 156. JSTOR 26612860.
- ^ Kabir Encyclopaedia Aethiopica.
- ^ Braukamper, Ulrich (2002). Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia. Lit. p. 119. ISBN 978-3-8258-5671-7.
