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| event_end = Annexed by Imerina |
| event_end = Annexed by Imerina |
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| year_end = 1840 |
| year_end = 1840 |
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|s1 = Merina Kingdom |
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|s2 = French protectorate |
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| capital = [[Boina Bay]] |
| capital = [[Boina Bay]] |
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| common_languages = [[Northern Sakalava dialect |Northern Sakalava]] |
| common_languages = [[Northern Sakalava dialect |Northern Sakalava]] |
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| religion = |
| religion = |
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| government_type = [[Monarchy]] |
| government_type = [[Monarchy]] |
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|leader1 = [[Andriamandisoarivo]] {{small|(first)}} |
|leader1 = [[Andriamandisoarivo]] {{small|(first)}} |
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Latest revision as of 06:22, 17 November 2025
Kingdom in Madagascar (1690–1840)
The Kingdom of Boina (sometimes known as Iboina or in Sakalava as Boeny) was a traditional state situated in what is now Madagascar.
The kingdom was founded c. 1690 by King Andriamandisoarivo. Andrimandisoarivo was a son of Andriandahifotsy, the founder of the Sakalava Kingdom, and had that kingdom after a succession dispute for the north, where he founded his own kingdom.[1] It was centered on Boina Bay in north-west Madagascar.
By the 1690s about 500 European pirates had set up bases of operation along the northern coast of Madagascar. Andrianamboniarivo had as his chief minister for a time Tom Similaho whose father was an English pirate and whose mother was a Malagasy woman.[2]
Some time after 1832 it was occupied by Imerina and was annexed by Madagascar in 1840. The last ruler of this kingdom was Queen Tsiomeko.
Boina in the north west and Menabe in the west were the kingdoms sprong[clarification needed] in the 18th century. The king of Boina was considered to be quasi-divine, interceding with god and ancestors. The land belonged to him. In the extreme north of the island the Antankarana kingdom paid tribute to Boina.[3]
The list of rulers of Boina:[4]
- c. 1690-1720 – Andriamandisoarivo (Tsimanata)
- c. 1720-1730 – Andrianamboniarivo (Toakafa)
- c. 1730-1760 – Andriamahatindriarivo
- c. 1760-1767 – Andrianahilitsy
- 1767-1770 – Andrianiveniarivo
- 1770-1771 – Andrianihoatra
- 1771–1777 – Andrianikeniarivo
- 1777–1778 – Andrianaginarivo (f)
- 1778 – Tombola (f)
- c. 1778–1808 – Ravahiny (f)
- 1808–1822? – Tsimalomo
- 1808 – Maka (Andrianaresy) (pretender)
- 1822–1832 – Andriantsoly
- 1828–1829 – Oantitsy (f) – Regent
- 1832–1836 – Oantitsy (f)
- 1836–1840 – Tsiomeko (f)
