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<ref name=”COOPER”>{{Cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Wendy |last2=Cooper |first2=William T. |author-link2=William T. Cooper |date=June 2004 |title=Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest |publication-place=Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia |publisher=Nokomis Editions |isbn=978-0-9581742-1-3 |url=https://www.nokomis.com.au/product/nokomis-published-books/fruits-australian-tropical-rainforest/ |page=377}}</ref> |
<ref name=”COOPER”>{{Cite book |last1=Cooper |first1=Wendy |last2=Cooper |first2=William T. |author-link2=William T. Cooper |date=June 2004 |title=Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest |publication-place=Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia |publisher=Nokomis Editions |isbn=978-0-9581742-1-3 |url=https://www.nokomis.com.au/product/nokomis-published-books/fruits-australian-tropical-rainforest/ |page=377}}</ref> |
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<ref name=”BEASLEY”>{{cite book |last=Beasley |first=John |date=2009 |title=Plants of Cape York – the compact guide |publisher=John Beasley |isbn=978-0-9806863-0-2 |page=87}}</ref> |
<ref name=”BEASLEY”>{{cite book |last=Beasley |first=John |date=2009 |title=Plants of Cape York – the compact guide |publisher=John Beasley |isbn=978-0-9806863-0-2 |page=87}}</ref> |
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<ref name=”MAIDEN”>{{cite book |author1=J. H. Maiden |title=The Useful Native Plants of Australia, (Including Tasmania) |date=1889 |publisher=The Technological Museum of New South Wales |location=Sydney |page=123 |access-date=14 September 2025 |url=https://archive.org/details/usefulnativeplan1889maid/page/122/mode/2up }}</ref> |
<ref name=”MAIDEN”>{{cite book |author1=J. H. Maiden |title=The Useful Native Plants of Australia, (Including Tasmania) |date=1889 |publisher=The Technological Museum of New South Wales |location=Sydney |page=123 |access-date=14 September 2025 |url=https://archive.org/details/usefulnativeplan1889maid/page/122/mode/2up }}</ref> |
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Latest revision as of 06:54, 3 February 2026
Species of plant in the family Oleaceae
| Chionanthus ramiflorus | |
|---|---|
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| Flowers and leaves | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Oleaceae |
| Genus: | Chionanthus |
| Species: |
C. ramiflorus |
| Binomial name | |
| Chionanthus ramiflorus | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
|
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Chionanthus ramiflorus, commonly known in Australia as northern olive or native olive, is a species of plant in the olive family Oleaceae. It is native to the regions from India and Nepal, through southern China and South East Asia to the Australian state of Queensland.
Chionanthus ramiflorus is an evergreen shrub or tree that can reach up to 23 m (75 ft) in height. The trunk and branches are pale, the leafy twigs are circular in cross section. The glossy green leaves are usually about 8 to 20 cm (3.1 to 7.9 in) long and 4 to 7 cm (1.6 to 2.8 in) wide, and elliptic to oblong-elliptic. They are attached to the twig with a petiole up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long and they have 7–10 lateral veins on either side of the midrib.[4][5][6]
The inflorescence is a panicle up to 12Â cm (4.7Â in) long. They carry numerous small white or yellow flowers, each of which have four petals about 2.5Â mm (0.10Â in) long. The fruit is a blue-black, ovoid drupe about 25Â mm (0.98Â in) long and 15Â mm (0.59Â in) diameter.[4][5]
Sometimes the species is treated in the segregate genus Linociera, though this does not differ from Chionanthus in any character other than leaf persistence, not a taxonomically significant character.[5]
The 1889 book The Useful Native Plants of Australia records that “The fruit of this plant is the food of the jagged-tailed bower-bird (Preonodura Newtoniana). (Bailey.) This observation is interesting, and is the more valuable in that the vegetable foods of our indigenous fauna have very rarely been botanically determined.”[7]
- ^ IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group; Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) (2024). “Chionanthus ramiflorus“. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024 e.T33349A250194820. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T33349A250194820.en. Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ “Chionanthus ramiflorus Roxb”. Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ a b “Chionanthus ramiflorus Roxb”. Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2025.
- ^ a b F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). “Chionanthus ramiflorus“. Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
- ^ a b c “Chionanthus ramiflorus Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. 1: 106. 1820″. Flora of China. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA. Retrieved 3 February 2026.
- ^ Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 377. ISBN 978-0-9581742-1-3.
- ^ J. H. Maiden (1889). The Useful Native Plants of Australia, (Including Tasmania). Sydney: The Technological Museum of New South Wales. p. 123. Retrieved 14 September 2025.
