Clarence H. Geist: Difference between revisions

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He was the president of C.H. Geist Company, as well as president and director of American Pipe and Construction Company, the Philadelphia Suburban Water Company, the Spanish River Land Company. He was a director of the United Gas Improvement Company<ref name=obit/> and the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company.<ref>{{cite web |title=One Hundred and Eighteenth Annual Report of the Board of Managers of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company to the Stockholders Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1938 |year=1939 |page=8 |last=White |first=Robert V. |url=http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/lippincott/corprpts/lehigh/lehigh1938.pdf |access-date=January 4, 2018 |archive-date=August 11, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811162537/http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/lippincott/corprpts/lehigh/lehigh1938.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> He served on the board of trustees of [[Thomas Jefferson University|Jefferson Medical College]] and the board of director of [[Bryn Mawr College]].<ref name=obit/>

He was the president of C.H. Geist Company, as well as president and director of American Pipe and Construction Company, the Philadelphia Suburban Water Company, the Spanish River Land Company. He was a director of the United Gas Improvement Company<ref name=obit/> and the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company.<ref>{{cite web |title=One Hundred and Eighteenth Annual Report of the Board of Managers of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company to the Stockholders Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1938 |year=1939 |page=8 |last=White |first=Robert V. |url=http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/lippincott/corprpts/lehigh/lehigh1938.pdf |access-date=January 4, 2018 |archive-date=August 11, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811162537/http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/lippincott/corprpts/lehigh/lehigh1938.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> He served on the board of trustees of [[Thomas Jefferson University|Jefferson Medical College]] and the board of director of [[Bryn Mawr College]].<ref name=obit/>

When [[Addison Mizner]]’s Mizner Development Corporation went bankrupt in 1926 after trying to build the new resort of Boca Raton, Geist bought its assets in 1927 via an anonymous bid of $76,350. Included were the [[Boca Raton Club|Cloister Inn]], fifty houses, and 15,000 acres of land.<ref>{{cite web |title=Clarence Henry Geist |last1=Historical Society of Palm Beach County |year=2009 |url=http://www.pbchistoryonline.org/page/clarence-henry-geist |access-date=January 2, 2018 |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011636/http://www.pbchistoryonline.org/page/clarence-henry-geist|url-status=live

⚫
}}{{citation|title=Panic in Paradise. Florida’s Banking Crash of 1926 |first=Raymond B. |last=Vickers |publisher=University of Alabama Press |year=1994

|isbn=0817307230}}</ref>{{rp|173}} He commissioned the New York architectural firm [[Schultze and Weaver]] to create an addition to the 100-room Cloister Inn, resulting in the 450-room [[Boca Raton Club]], which accepted its first guests in December, 1929, ahead of its 1930 formal opening.<ref name=Boomtime>{{cite book |title=Boomtime Boca. Boca Raton in the 1920s |first1=Susan |last1=Gillis |last2=Boca Raton Historical Society |year=2007 |publisher=Arcadia |isbn=9780738544434}}</ref>{{rp|117}}

Geist made a low-interest loan to Boca Raton to finance its first municipal water plant (which he convinced Boca Raton it needed) and provide water for the guests at his new hotel.<ref name=water>{{cite news |title=Minutes from the City Commission meeting, June 16, 1928 |date=1987–1988 |url=http://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf |newspaper=Spanish River Papers |volume=16 |page=(unpaged) |access-date=January 5, 2018

Geist made a low-interest loan to Boca Raton to finance its first municipal water plant (which he convinced Boca Raton it needed) and provide water for the guests at his new hotel.<ref name=water>{{cite news |title=Minutes from the City Commission meeting, June 16, 1928 |date=1987–1988 |url=http://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf |newspaper=Spanish River Papers |volume=16 |page=(unpaged) |access-date=January 5, 2018

|archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412190318/https://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf

|archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412190318/https://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf

|url-status=live}}</ref> He built it in Mizner’s style, for visual harmony. At the time, the handsome, Mediterranean-style plant was the most modern in the state.<ref name=Boomtime />{{rp|108}} (It was replaced by a much larger plant in 1956, parts having become unavailable for the original equipment.<ref name=water /> The building was demolished and the site currently houses Boca’s City Hall.) He also paid for an elegant, Mediterranean-style depot on the [[Florida East Coast Railway]] (in 2017 operated by the [[Boca Raton History Museum|Boca Raton Historical Society]] as a museum). Geist allegedly bought stock in the railroad in order to influence its choice of Boca Raton depot.<ref name=Boomtime />{{rp|114}}

|url-status=live}}</ref> He built it in Mizner’s style, for visual harmony. At the time, the handsome, Mediterranean-style plant was the most modern in the state.<ref name=Boomtime />{{rp|108}} (It was replaced by a much larger plant in 1956, parts having become unavailable for the original equipment.<ref name=water /> The building was demolished and the site currently houses Boca’s City Hall.) He also paid for an elegant, Mediterranean-style depot on the [[Florida East Coast Railway]] (in 2017 operated by the [[Boca Raton History Museum|Boca Raton Historical Society]] as a museum). Geist allegedly bought stock in the railroad in order to influence its choice of Boca Raton depot.<ref name=Boomtime />{{rp|114}}

⚫
[[File:Clarence H. Geist mausoleum in West Laurel Hill Cemetery.jpg|thumb|Clarence H. Geist mausoleum in [[West Laurel Hill Cemetery]]]]
⚫
He died at his home in [[Villanova, Pennsylvania]], on June 12, 1938{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/56660826/clarence-h-geist-dies-at-age-of-72/ |title=Clarence H. Geist Dies at Age of 72 |newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |page=1 |date=1938-06-13 |access-date=2020-08-03 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=October 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017221609/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/56660826/clarence-h-geist-dies-at-age-of-72/ |url-status=live }} and was interred at [[West Laurel Hill Cemetery]] in [[Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania]].{{cite book |last1=Rosenfeld |first1=Lucy D. |last2=Harrison |first2=Marina |title=Architecture Walks – The Best Outings Near New York City |date=2010 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |location=Piscataway, New Jersey |isbn=978-0-8135-4734-3 |page=241 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EqamPZ-KajgC |access-date=11 October 2022}} At the time of his death it was reported at one time that Geist was reputed to be worth $100,000,000 ($1.93 billion in 2021) {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title=C.H. Geist, Founder of Northern Illinois Gas and Electric Company, Dies |url= |journal= The Hammond Times|volume=XXXII |issue=305 |pages=1 |doi= |access-date=}}

==Properties==

==Properties==

He owned the Godfrey Residence, a mansion in Radnor, Pennsylvania, <ref>{{cite web |title=Godfrey Residence |url=https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj_display.cfm/252 |series=Philadelphia Architects and Buildings |access-date=January 2, 2018 |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105123105/https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj_display.cfm/252

the , in , , <ref>{{cite web |title= |url=://www..org// |access-date=January 2, 2018 |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web//://www..org//

⚫
}}{{citation|title=Panic in Paradise. Florida’s Banking Crash of 1926 |first=Raymond B. |last=Vickers |publisher=University of Alabama Press |year=1994

|url-status=live}}</ref> and Launfal, a mansion in Villanova, Pennsylvania.<ref name=obit/> In 1924 he built [[La Claridad]] in Palm Beach, a mansion designed by architect [[Marion Sims Wyeth]], who also designed [[Mar-a-Lago]].<ref name=Mayhew /> He was the founder and owner of the New Jersey [[Seaview Country Club]] (1914).<ref>{{cite web |title=Mrs. Clarence Geist Entertains |quote=Reprinted from Palm Beach Post, 4 April 1925 |newspaper=Spanish River Papers |url=http://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf |volume=16 |year=1987–1988 |access-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412190318/https://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Time Capsule Buried at Historic Site in New Jersey |access-date=January 2, 2018 |url=https://www.heritagetimecapsules.com/blogs/news/15775113-time-capsule-buried-at-historic-site-in-new-jersey |date=November 13, 2014 |author=Heritage Time Capsules |archive-date=January 5, 2018

|=}}</ref> [[ ]], .<ref name= /> He was the founder and owner of the New Jersey [[Seaview Country Club]] (1914).<ref>{{cite web |title=Mrs. Clarence Geist Entertains |quote=Reprinted from Palm Beach Post, 4 April 1925 |newspaper=Spanish River Papers |url=http://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf |volume=16 |year=1987–1988 |access-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-date=April 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412190318/https://www.bocahistory.org/_files/span_river/SRP%201987-1988.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Time Capsule Buried at Historic Site in New Jersey |access-date=January 2, 2018 |url=https://www.heritagetimecapsules.com/blogs/news/15775113-time-capsule-buried-at-historic-site-in-new-jersey |date=November 13, 2014 |author=Heritage Time Capsules |archive-date=January 5, 2018

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011934/https://www.heritagetimecapsules.com/blogs/news/15775113-time-capsule-buried-at-historic-site-in-new-jersey

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011934/https://www.heritagetimecapsules.com/blogs/news/15775113-time-capsule-buried-at-historic-site-in-new-jersey

|url-status=live}}</ref>

|url-status=live}}</ref>

He owned the Godfrey Residence, a mansion in Radnor, Pennsylvania, <ref>{{cite web |title=Godfrey Residence |url=https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj_display.cfm/252 |series=Philadelphia Architects and Buildings |access-date=January 2, 2018 |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105123105/https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/pj_display.cfm/252

|url-status=live}}</ref> and Launfal, a mansion in Villanova, Pennsylvania.<ref name=obit/> In 1924 he built [[La Claridad]] in Palm Beach, a mansion designed by architect [[Marion Sims Wyeth]], who also designed [[Mar-a-Lago]].<ref name=Mayhew />

==Personal life==

==Personal life==

His wife was Florence Hewitt Geist. Although he walked with a cane he was an avid golfer, and participated in tournaments.<ref name=Mayhew>{{cite web|title=Clarence Geist: Palm Beach & Boca Raton|first=Augustus|last=Mayhew|url=http://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/node/1902857/print|publisher=New York Social Diary|access-date=January 4, 2018|date=July 13, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011817/http://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/node/1902857/print|archive-date=January 5, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

His wife was Florence Hewitt Geist. Although he walked with a cane he was an avid golfer, and participated in tournaments.<ref name=Mayhew>{{cite web|title=Clarence Geist: Palm Beach & Boca Raton|first=Augustus|last=Mayhew|url=http://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/node/1902857/print|publisher=New York Social Diary|access-date=January 4, 2018|date=July 13, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105011817/http://www.newyorksocialdiary.com/node/1902857/print|archive-date=January 5, 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Death and legacy==

==Legacy==

⚫
[[File:Clarence H. Geist mausoleum in West Laurel Hill Cemetery.jpg|thumb|Clarence H. Geist mausoleum in [[West Laurel Hill Cemetery]]]]

[[Geist Reservoir]] is named for him.<ref name=Mayhew/>

⚫
He died at his home in [[Villanova, Pennsylvania]], on June 12, 1938{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/56660826/clarence-h-geist-dies-at-age-of-72/ |title=Clarence H. Geist Dies at Age of 72 |newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]] |page=1 |date=1938-06-13 |access-date=2020-08-03 |via=Newspapers.com |archive-date=October 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211017221609/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/56660826/clarence-h-geist-dies-at-age-of-72/ |url-status=live }} and was interred at [[West Laurel Hill Cemetery]] in [[Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania]].{{cite book |last1=Rosenfeld |first1=Lucy D. |last2=Harrison |first2=Marina |title=Architecture Walks – The Best Outings Near New York City |date=2010 |publisher=Rutgers University Press |location=Piscataway, New Jersey |isbn=978-0-8135-4734-3 |page=241 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EqamPZ-KajgC |access-date=11 October 2022}} At the time of his death it was reported at one time that Geist was reputed to be worth $100,000,000 ($1.93 billion in 2021) {{cite journal |last1= |first1= |last2= |first2= |date= |title=C.H. Geist, Founder of Northern Illinois Gas and Electric Company, Dies |url= |journal= The Hammond Times|volume=XXXII |issue=305 |pages=1 |doi= |access-date=}}

The bridge over the [[Intracoastal Waterway]] on Mizner’s Camino Real is officially the Clarence H. Geist Memorial Bridge (1939), replacing a temporary swing bridge built by Geist.<ref>{{cite news |title=Boca’s Camino Real bridge, one of 14 ‘deficient’ in South Florida, up for repair |first=Aric |last=Chokey |date=July 20, 2017 |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/palm-beach/fl-reg-bridge-upgrades-20170718-story.html |access-date=January 4, 2018 |newspaper=Sun-Sentinel |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180400/http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/palm-beach/fl-reg-bridge-upgrades-20170718-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Historic status saves Camino Real Bridge in Boca Raton |newspaper=Sun-Sentinel |date=December 3, 2011 |first=Angel |last=Streeter |access-date=January 4, 2018 |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-12-03/news/fl-camino-real-bridge-20111202_1_camino-real-bridge-permanent-bridge-southern-boulevard-bridge |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180351/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-12-03/news/fl-camino-real-bridge-20111202_1_camino-real-bridge-permanent-bridge-southern-boulevard-bridge |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The bridge over the [[Intracoastal Waterway]] on Mizner’s Camino Real is officially the Clarence H. Geist Memorial Bridge (1939), replacing a temporary swing bridge built by Geist.<ref>{{cite news |title=Boca’s Camino Real bridge, one of 14 ‘deficient’ in South Florida, up for repair |first=Aric |last=Chokey |date=July 20, 2017 |url=http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/palm-beach/fl-reg-bridge-upgrades-20170718-story.html |access-date=January 4, 2018 |newspaper=Sun-Sentinel |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180400/http://www.sun-sentinel.com/local/palm-beach/fl-reg-bridge-upgrades-20170718-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Historic status saves Camino Real Bridge in Boca Raton |newspaper=Sun-Sentinel |date=December 3, 2011 |first=Angel |last=Streeter |access-date=January 4, 2018 |url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-12-03/news/fl-camino-real-bridge-20111202_1_camino-real-bridge-permanent-bridge-southern-boulevard-bridge |archive-date=January 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105180351/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2011-12-03/news/fl-camino-real-bridge-20111202_1_camino-real-bridge-permanent-bridge-southern-boulevard-bridge |url-status=dead}}</ref>

A Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ (1940) is located at the [[Overbrook Memorial Church]] in [[Overbrook, New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.overbrookpresb.org/organ.php |access-date=January 4, 2018 |title=The Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ|archive-date=January 5, 2018

A Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ (1940) is located at the [[Overbrook Memorial Church]] in [[Overbrook, New Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.overbrookpresb.org/organ.php |access-date=January 4, 2018 |title=The Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ|archive-date=January 5, 2018

American businessman 1866-1938

Clarence Henry Geist
Born (1866-01-10)January 10, 1866
Died June 12, 1938(1938-06-12) (aged 72)
Resting place West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Occupations Utilities executive, financier
Known for Purchasing Mizner Development Corporation‘s assets in Boca Raton, Florida
Spouse Florence Hewitt Geist

Clarence Henry Geist (1866 – June 12, 1938) was an American businessman who owned the Indianapolis Water Company and over 100 other utilities. He was president of the C. H. Geist Company, and director of several other companies including the United Gas Improvement Company and the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company. He played a major role in the development of Boca Raton, Florida.

Early life and education

Geist was born and raised on a farm in LaPorte County, Indiana. He was educated at Valparaiso Normal School.[1] When he was 18 he left Indiana and spent five years in the far West working in cattle ranching, but returned East when he realized he “could not make money where there wasn’t any”. He settled in Blue Island, Illinois,[2] and worked for a year on the Rock Island Railroad as a conductor.

Career

He entered the real estate business [3] and served as president of the Cottage Building and Loan in Blue Island.[4] Geist then set himself up as a natural gas distributor, where he supplied gas to Blue Island, Morgan Park, then a suburb of Chicago, and Illinois suburbs south of Blue Island that included Harvey and Chicago Heights.[5]

From 1912 to 1938 he was the principal owner of the Indianapolis Water Company.[6] He also founded in 1910 the company today known as South Jersey Industries, when the Atlantic City Gas and Water Company merged with Atlantic City Gas Company. He eventually owned over 100 utilities.[7]

He was the president of C.H. Geist Company, as well as president and director of American Pipe and Construction Company, the Philadelphia Suburban Water Company, the Spanish River Land Company. He was a director of the United Gas Improvement Company[1] and the Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company.[8] He served on the board of trustees of Jefferson Medical College and the board of director of Bryn Mawr College.[1]

Geist made a low-interest loan to Boca Raton to finance its first municipal water plant (which he convinced Boca Raton it needed) and provide water for the guests at his new hotel.[9] He built it in Mizner’s style, for visual harmony. At the time, the handsome, Mediterranean-style plant was the most modern in the state.[10]: 108  (It was replaced by a much larger plant in 1956, parts having become unavailable for the original equipment.[9] The building was demolished and the site currently houses Boca’s City Hall.) He also paid for an elegant, Mediterranean-style depot on the Florida East Coast Railway (in 2017 operated by the Boca Raton Historical Society as a museum). Geist allegedly bought stock in the railroad in order to influence its choice of Boca Raton depot.[10]: 114 

Properties

When Addison Mizner‘s Mizner Development Corporation went bankrupt in 1926 after trying to build the new resort of Boca Raton, Geist bought its assets in 1927 via an anonymous bid of $76,350. Included were the Cloister Inn, fifty houses, and 15,000 acres of land.[11][12]: 173  He commissioned the New York architectural firm Schultze and Weaver to create an addition to the 100-room Cloister Inn, resulting in the 450-room Boca Raton Club, which accepted its first guests in December, 1929, ahead of its 1930 formal opening.[10]: 117  He was the founder and owner of the New Jersey Seaview Country Club (1914).[13][14]

He owned the Godfrey Residence, a mansion in Radnor, Pennsylvania, [15] and Launfal, a mansion in Villanova, Pennsylvania.[1] In 1924 he built La Claridad in Palm Beach, a mansion designed by architect Marion Sims Wyeth, who also designed Mar-a-Lago.[7]

Personal life

His wife was Florence Hewitt Geist. Although he walked with a cane he was an avid golfer, and participated in tournaments.[7]

Death and legacy

Clarence H. Geist mausoleum in West Laurel Hill Cemetery

He died at his home in Villanova, Pennsylvania, on June 12, 1938[1] and was interred at West Laurel Hill Cemetery in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.[16] At the time of his death it was reported at one time that Geist was reputed to be worth $100,000,000 ($1.93 billion in 2021) [17]

Geist Reservoir is named for him.[7] The bridge over the Intracoastal Waterway on Mizner’s Camino Real is officially the Clarence H. Geist Memorial Bridge (1939), replacing a temporary swing bridge built by Geist.[18][19]

A Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ (1940) is located at the Overbrook Memorial Church in Overbrook, New Jersey.[20]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e “Clarence H. Geist Dies at Age of 72”. The Philadelphia Inquirer. June 13, 1938. p. 1. Archived from the original on October 17, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ The Annual Lakeside Directory of the City of Chicago – 1900 – EMBRACING A COMPLETE GENERAL AND BUSINESS DIRECTORY, MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION, AND STREET GUIDE. Chicago: The Chicago Directory Company. 1900. p. 712.
  3. ^ “C. H. Geist and Edward Hopkinson, Jr., Elected members of U.G.I. [United Gas Improvement] Board” (PDF). Spanish River Papers. Vol. 16. 1987–1988. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2018. First published in U.G.I. Circle (internal organ), August, 1930
  4. ^ “(Untitled)”. Westville Indicator News. V (48): 2. January 27, 1902.
  5. ^ “Items of Interest from Various Localities”. The American Gas Light Journal. LXXVI (4): 124. January 27, 1902. Retrieved July 23, 2021.
  6. ^ Britt, Tom (2015). “Germantown: The Lost City Under Geist Reservoir”. Town Poste Network. Retrieved January 2, 2017. CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ a b c d Mayhew, Augustus (July 13, 2010). “Clarence Geist: Palm Beach & Boca Raton”. New York Social Diary. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  8. ^ White, Robert V. (1939). “One Hundred and Eighteenth Annual Report of the Board of Managers of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company to the Stockholders Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 1938” (PDF). p. 8. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 11, 2007. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  9. ^ a b “Minutes from the City Commission meeting, June 16, 1928” (PDF). Spanish River Papers. Vol. 16. 1987–1988. p. (unpaged). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
  10. ^ a b c Gillis, Susan; Boca Raton Historical Society (2007). Boomtime Boca. Boca Raton in the 1920s. Arcadia. ISBN 9780738544434.
  11. ^ Historical Society of Palm Beach County (2009). “Clarence Henry Geist”. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  12. ^ Vickers, Raymond B. (1994), Panic in Paradise. Florida’s Banking Crash of 1926, University of Alabama Press, ISBN 0817307230
  13. ^ “Mrs. Clarence Geist Entertains” (PDF). Spanish River Papers. 1987–1988. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019. Retrieved January 5, 2018. Reprinted from Palm Beach Post, 4 April 1925
  14. ^ Heritage Time Capsules (November 13, 2014). “Time Capsule Buried at Historic Site in New Jersey”. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  15. ^ “Godfrey Residence”. Philadelphia Architects and Buildings. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  16. ^ Rosenfeld, Lucy D.; Harrison, Marina (2010). Architecture Walks – The Best Outings Near New York City. Piscataway, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-0-8135-4734-3. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
  17. ^ “C.H. Geist, Founder of Northern Illinois Gas and Electric Company, Dies”. The Hammond Times. XXXII (305): 1.
  18. ^ Chokey, Aric (July 20, 2017). “Boca’s Camino Real bridge, one of 14 ‘deficient’ in South Florida, up for repair”. Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  19. ^ Streeter, Angel (December 3, 2011). “Historic status saves Camino Real Bridge in Boca Raton”. Sun-Sentinel. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
  20. ^ “The Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ”. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2018.

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