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==Description== |
==Description== |
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”Cyperus odoratus” is an |
”Cyperus odoratus” is an plant approaching half a meter in height on average but known to grow much taller. It usually has some long, thin leaves around the base. The [[inflorescence]] is made up of one to several cylindrical spikes attached at a common point. Each of the spikes bears a large number of flat, oval-shaped [[raceme|spikelets]]. Each spikelet is usually light brown to reddish-brown and has a few to over 20 flowers. Each flower is covered by a tough, flat [[bract]] with a visible midvein. The fruit is a flat [[achene]] less than two millimeters long.{{r|ucjeps|FNA}} |
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==Taxonomy== |
==Taxonomy== |
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Latest revision as of 11:40, 25 October 2025
Species of plant
| Fragrant flatsedge | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification  |
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Cyperaceae |
| Genus: | Cyperus |
| Species: |
C. odoratus |
| Binomial name | |
| Cyperus odoratus | |
| Synonyms[3][4][5] | |
C. o. subsp. transcaucasicus
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Cyperus odoratus is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family Cyperaceae. It is known by the common names fragrant flatsedge and rusty flatsedge. It has a pantropical distribution that extends into the temperate regions of North and South America. The species is quite variable and may in fact be more than one species included under a single name.
Cyperus odoratus is an annual sedge approaching half a meter in height on average but known to grow much taller. It usually has some long, thin leaves around the base. The inflorescence is made up of one to several cylindrical spikes attached at a common point. Each of the spikes bears a large number of flat, oval-shaped spikelets. Each spikelet is usually light brown to reddish-brown and has a few to over 20 flowers. Each flower is covered by a tough, flat bract with a visible midvein. The fruit is a flat achene less than two millimeters long.[6][7]
Cyperus odoratus was first described by the Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus in 1753.[2] Linnaeus based his diagnosis on a specimen collected along a riverbank in North America (“habitat in America ad fluviorum ripas”).
As of October 2025[update], the following infraspecific names are accepted by both Plants of the World Online (POWO) and World Flora Online (WFO):[3][9]
- Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus
- Cyperus odoratus subsp. transcaucasicus (Kük.) Kukkonen
The typical subspecies Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus has dozens of synonyms.[4] Both POWO and WFO consider Cyperus engelmannii Steud. to be a synonym of subsp. odoratus but several North American authorities recognize it as a distinct species.[10][11][12] The two taxa are reliably distinguished by their scales, which are overlapping in Cyperus odoratus and non-overlapping in Cyperus engelmannii.[13][14]
Distribution and habitat
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Cyperus odoratus sensu lato is found in much of the tropical and warm temperate world, including South, Central, and North America, Southeast Asia, some Pacific Islands, Australia, New Guinea, Madagascar, and central Africa.[3][7][15] It is a plant of wet, muddy areas, including disturbed and altered sites. Cyperus odoratus subsp. transcaucasicus is native to Iran, Iraq, and the South Caucasus.[5]
- ^ NatureServe (3 October 2025). “Cyperus odoratus“. NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
- ^ a b “Cyperus odoratus L.“. International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 20 October 2025.
- ^ a b c “Cyperus odoratus L.“. Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 20 October 2025.
- ^ a b “Cyperus odoratus subsp. odoratus“. Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
- ^ a b “Cyperus odoratus subsp. transcaucasicus (Kük.) Kukkonen“. Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 20 October 2025.
- ^ Tucker, Gordon C. (2012). “Cyperus odoratus“. Jepson eFlora. University and Jepson Herbaria. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
- ^ a b Tucker, Gordon C.; Marcks, Brian G.; Carter, J. Richard (2002). “Cyperus odoratus“. In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 23. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved 21 October 2025 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- ^ “Cyperus odoratus L.“. World Flora Online. Retrieved 22 October 2025.
- ^ “Cyperus engelmannii Steudel“. Database of Canadian Vascular Plants. Retrieved 22 October 2025.
- ^ Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S. (February 2011). “Cyperus engelmannii Steud.“. Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan. Retrieved 23 October 2025.
- ^ “Cyperus engelmannii (Engelmann’s Flatsedge)”. Minnesota Wildflowers. Retrieved 21 October 2025.
- ^ “Key to Cyperus“. Flora of the Southeastern United States. Retrieved 22 October 2025.
- ^ Standley (2025).
- ^ Dai, Lun-Kai; Tucker, Gordon C.; Simpson, David A. “Cyperus odoratus“. Flora of China. Vol. 23. Retrieved 21 October 2025 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
