Draft:Typhoon June (1975): Difference between revisions

 

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| season = [[1975 Pacific typhoon season]]

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”’Typhoon June”’, known in the [[Philippines]] as ”’Typhoon Rosing”’,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.typhoon2000.ph/stormstats/1963-1988_PTC.txt |title=PAGASA Tropical Cyclone Names 1963–1988 |author=Padua, Michael V |publisher=Typhoon 2000 |access-date=November 7, 2025}}</ref> was, at the time, the [[List of the most intense tropical cyclones|most intense tropical cyclone]] in history and is currently the second-most intense [[typhoon]] on record, only behind [[Typhoon Tip]]. The twenty-third storm and final typhoon of the [[1975 Pacific typhoon season]], June originated from a tropical disturbance moving westward over the [[Caroline Islands]] on November 14, organizing into a [[tropical depression]] two days later. The storm initially moved slowly due to weak steering forces from the systems close proximity to the [[equator]], but began to move northwards on the 18th. Simultaneously, June began to experience extreme [[rapid intensification]], with the [[central pressure]] falling by {{cvt|90|mbar|inHg}} in 24 hours. On November 19, a [[Hurricane hunters|weather reconnaissance]] aircraft from the [[54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron]] of the [[United States Air Force]] measured a pressure of {{cvt|876|mbar|inHg}} at the edge of the [[eye (cyclone)|eye]]. This made June the most intense tropical cyclone observed on record at the time, surpassing the pressures measured in [[Typhoon Ida (1958)|Typhoon Ida]] in [[1958 Pacific typhoon season|1958]] and [[Typhoon Nora (1973)|Typhoon Nora]] in [[1973 Pacific typhoon season|1973]]. June continued to move northward through the [[Philippine Sea]], weakening as it did so. The storm began accelerating into the [[westerlies]] before becoming [[extratropical]] on November 24. June caused significant flooding and wind damage on [[Guam]], with losses estimated between $300,000 to $1,300,000 (1975 [[USD]]). In [[Yap]], the storm resulted in flood damage to property and crops on several atolls. Despite the storm’s record-breaking intensity, no causalities were caused by June.

”’Typhoon June”’, known in the [[Philippines]] as ”’Typhoon Rosing”’,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.typhoon2000.ph/stormstats/1963-1988_PTC.txt |title=PAGASA Tropical Cyclone Names 1963–1988 |author=Padua, Michael V |publisher=Typhoon 2000 |access-date=November 7, 2025}}</ref> was, at the time, the [[List of the most intense tropical cyclones|most intense tropical cyclone]] in history and is currently the second-most intense [[typhoon]] on record, only behind [[Typhoon Tip]]

The twenty-third storm and final typhoon of the [[1975 Pacific typhoon season]], June originated from a tropical disturbance moving westward over the [[Caroline Islands]] on November 14, organizing into a [[tropical depression]] two days later. The storm initially moved slowly due to weak steering forces from the systems close proximity to the [[equator]], but began to move northwards on the 18th. Simultaneously, June began to experience extreme [[rapid intensification]], with the [[central pressure]] falling by {{cvt|90|mbar|inHg}} in 24 hours. On November 19, a [[Hurricane hunters|weather reconnaissance]] aircraft from the [[54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron]] of the [[United States Air Force]] measured a pressure of {{cvt|876|mbar|inHg}} at the edge of the [[eye (cyclone)|eye]]. This made June the most intense tropical cyclone observed on record at the time, surpassing the pressures measured in [[Typhoon Ida (1958)|Typhoon Ida]] in [[1958 Pacific typhoon season|1958]] and [[Typhoon Nora (1973)|Typhoon Nora]] in [[1973 Pacific typhoon season|1973]]. June continued to move northward through the [[Philippine Sea]], weakening as it did so. The storm began accelerating into the [[westerlies]] before becoming [[extratropical]] on November 24. June caused significant flooding and wind damage on [[Guam]], with losses estimated between $300,000 to $1,300,000 (1975 [[USD]]). In [[Yap]], the storm resulted in flood damage to property and crops on several atolls. Despite the storm’s record-breaking intensity, no causalities were caused by June.

== Meteorological history ==

== Meteorological history ==

Pacific typhoon in 1975

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Typhoon June, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Rosing,^[1] was an extremely powerful tropical cyclone, and at the time, the most intense tropical cyclone in history and is currently the second-most intense typhoon on record, only behind Typhoon Tip, and Hurricane Patricia.

The twenty-third storm and final typhoon of the 1975 Pacific typhoon season, June originated from a tropical disturbance moving westward over the Caroline Islands on November 14, organizing into a tropical depression two days later. The storm initially moved slowly due to weak steering forces from the systems close proximity to the equator, but began to move northwards on the 18th. Simultaneously, June began to experience extreme rapid intensification, with the central pressure falling by 90 mbar (2.7 inHg) in 24 hours. On November 19, a weather reconnaissance aircraft from the 54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of the United States Air Force measured a pressure of 876 mbar (25.9 inHg) at the edge of the eye. This made June the most intense tropical cyclone observed on record at the time, surpassing the pressures measured in Typhoon Ida in 1958 and Typhoon Nora in 1973. June continued to move northward through the Philippine Sea, weakening as it did so. The storm began accelerating into the westerlies before becoming extratropical on November 24. June caused significant flooding and wind damage on Guam, with losses estimated between $300,000 to $1,300,000 (1975 USD). In Yap, the storm resulted in flood damage to property and crops on several atolls. Despite the storm’s record-breaking intensity, no causalities were caused by June.

June’s origins can be traced back on November 14, when a tropical disturbance formed over Micronesia .^[2]: 46 Following a westward track, the disturbance organized into a tropical cyclone on November 16. Moving erratically, the depression was then later upgraded by the JTWC to a tropical storm. The JMA followed suit and upgraded it into a tropical storm, assigning the name June.

Owing to the highly favourable conditions with low wind shear, warm sea surface temperatures, and good poleward outflow in November 17–18, June began to rapidly intensify as it moved to the north in response to a weakness in the ridge caused by a nearby trough, deepening as much as 52 mbars in under 12 hours, and 90 mbars in 24 hours. On November 19, a US Air Force reconnaissance aircraft measured a near record low pressure of 875mb just off the eyewall, indicating it could have been stronger.

Shortly after the near-record peak, June then began a eyewall replacement cycle, becoming one of the first recorded cases of triple eyewalls, and causing it to weaken.^[3] It then began to slowly weaken as it moved northwest, weakening below category 5 status early on November 21, before beginning to recurve to the northeast as it began extratropical transition, aceelerating as high as 70mph. June completed extratropical transition late on November 23, and turned fully extratropical as it accelerated north east, and soon turning north. The remnants then became a powerful extratropical storm, with a pressure of 960mb before it was last noted over far northeastern Siberia.^[4]

Typhoon June was the second most intense tropical cyclone in the western pacific ocean, with a minimum central pressure of 875 hPa. Measurements from aircraft from the 54th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron of the United States Air Force measured a pressure of 876 mbar (25.9 inHg) at the edge of the eye. This made June the most intense tropical cyclone observed on record at the time, surpassing the pressures measured in Typhoon Ida in 1958 and Typhoon Nora in 1973, until the record was surpassed by Typhoon Tip in 1979, with a pressure of 870 hPa, and Hurricane Patricia in 2015, making June the third most intense tropical cyclone recorded.

June was the first recorded case of having triple eyewalls during its process of its eyewall replacement cycle.

Despite its intensity, the name June wasn’t retired and was reused in 1981, and 1984. The name was discontinued for further use when the JWTC changed their naming list.

Typhoon June never made a direct landfall, but passed 230 miles west of Guam, causing some severe flooding.^[7] There were no fatalities reported, but several buildings were destroyed by the intense winds by June, and storm surges led to crop damage. Overall damage was estimated at $300,000 in 1975 USD format.^[7]

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