Jhajjar: Difference between revisions – Wikipedia

== History ==

== History ==

Jhajjar is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under Delhi [[sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]], producing a revenue of 1,422,451 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 1000 infantry and 60 cavalry.<ref name=”Ain-i-Akbari”>{{cite book |last1=Abu’l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |last2=Jarrett |first2=Henry Sullivan (translator) |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |page=286 |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref> Jhajjar was founded by a Gahlawat [[Jats|Jat]], Chaudhary Chajju Singh in medieval era.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Khattar |first1=Sohan Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M60zEAAAQBAJ&q=jhajjar+jat |title=Know Your State Haryana |last2=Kar |first2=Reena |date=2021-07-26 |publisher=Arihant Publications India limited |isbn=978-93-257-9038-4 |language=en}}</ref>

Jhajjar is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under Delhi [[sarkar (administrative division)|sarkar]], producing a revenue of 1,422,451 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 1000 infantry and 60 cavalry.<ref name=”Ain-i-Akbari”>{{cite book |last1=Abu’l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |last2=Jarrett |first2=Henry Sullivan (translator) |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |page=286 |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref> Jhajjar was founded by a Gahlawat [[Jats|Jat]], Chaudhary Chajju Singh in medieval era.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Khattar |first1=Sohan Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M60zEAAAQBAJ&q=jhajjar+jat |title=Know Your State Haryana |last2=Kar |first2=Reena |date=2021-07-26 |publisher=Arihant Publications India limited |isbn=978-93-257-9038-4 |language=en}}</ref>

”Jhajjar group of tombs and mosques”, including ”Bua Ka Talab” and nearly 10 tombs date back to mughal period and all these were constructed during the reign of [[Akbar]] (r. 1556-1605), [[Jahangir]] (r. 1605-1627) and [[Shah Jahan]] (1628-1658 CE).<ref>[https://haryanatourism.gov.in/places_of_interest/group-of-tombs-and-mosques/ Group of tombs and mosques], Haryana Tourism, accessed 17 Oct 2025.</ref>

”’Resistance against Marathas”’

Native Jat stronghold of [[Dighal]] (Ahlawat Jats) resisted [[Maratha Confederacy|Marathas]] for months in 18th century and defeated them on several occasions along with Khatri Jat stronghold of [[Ismaila, Rohtak|Ismaila]] (near [[Sampla (town)|Garhi Sampla]], Rohtak) and Hooda Jat stronghold of Sanghi (in [[Rohtak district|Rohtak]]).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X_K1s8W57zAC&q=Dighal+sanghi+ismailah+strong+Jat+villages+best+off+regular+attacks+mahratta+&pg=RA1-PA20 | title=Report on the Revised Land Revenue Settlement of the Rohtak District of the Hissar Division in the Punjab | last1=Purser | first1=W. E. | date=1880 }}</ref>

”’Principalities of Jhajjar”’

• [[Mandothi]] (Dālal Jats)- It was founded by Chaudhary Dale Singh in medieval period. He is meant to be the progenitor of Dalal clan of [[Jats]]. This principality was centred around the present day Dalal-Deshwal-Sehwag-Maan [[khap]] which covers the parts of Jhajjar including [[Bahadurgarh]] and nearby area.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fe88AAAAMAAJ&q=kuchesar+mandothi | title=History of the Jats | last1=Joon | first1=Ram Sarup | date=1967 }}</ref> It is also mentioned in Ain-i-akbari of 1595 AD, it was under the control of Jats.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L8IXAAAAYAAJ&q=m%C3%A1nd%C3%A1uthi&pg=RA1-PA66 | title=The Ain I Akbari | last1=Mubārak | first1=Abū al-Faz̤l ibn | date=1891 }}</ref> In the decade of 1630, four Dalal Jat chiefs of Mandothi Riyasat migrated to [[Bulandshahr]], [[Uttar Pradesh]] and founded the state of Kuchesar. Thus, the [[Kuchesar Fort|Kuchesar]] Jat Rajas are descendants of Mandothi Jats.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-12 |title=About Us – Kuchesar Fort |url=https://kuchesarfort.com/about-us/ |access-date=2024-12-13 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Amar Singh Baghel |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.08728 |title=Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr |date=1980 |publisher=Lucknow, Department of District Gazetteers}}</ref>

• [[Beri, Jhajjar|Beri]] (Kadyan Jats)- It was established by [[Jats]] as mentioned by Britishers nearby the present-day town of Beri and adjacent Jat villages of Kadyan Khap of Jhajjar. The chiefs of Beri rebelled against the [[British Empire|Britishers]] in [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857]] and fought for their nation. They sacked different offices, govt. bodies of Britishers.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=18U5AQAAMAAJ&q=beri+jats+by+jaj+har+rusty+swords&pg=PA727 | title=The Boy’s Own Annual | date=1888 }}</ref> It was also mentioned as a [[Zamindar|Zamindari]] of Jats in [[Ain-i-Akbari|Ain-i-akbari]] of 1595 AD.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jRJuAAAAMAAJ&q=beri+jats | title=Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826 | last1=Pande | first1=Ram | date=2006 }}</ref>

• [[Dighal]] (Ahlawat Jats)- It is mentioned in the [[British Empire|British]] records that the Jats of Dighal defeated the [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha]] army who tried to make control over the district of Jhajjar. Repeated attacks of Marathas were failed due to the Jat army, the siege remained unsuccessful for months and Marathas left Jhajjar, unconquered.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X_K1s8W57zAC&q=Dighal+sanghi+ismailah+strong+Jat+villages+best+off+regular+attacks+mahratta+&pg=RA1-PA20 | title=Report on the Revised Land Revenue Settlement of the Rohtak District of the Hissar Division in the Punjab | last1=Purser | first1=W. E. | date=1880 }}</ref> Dighal is the headquarter of [[Ahlawat|Ahlawat Khap]] and there is a tradition among the Jats to serve for the nation in the [[Indian Army|army]] (some Ahlawat Jat chiefs migrated from Jhajjar-Deswali tract to [[Bijnor]] and ruled there at their principality of [[Nagina]]).<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nr0rAQAAIAAJ&dq=Nagina+jats&pg=PA170 | title=District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh | date=1908 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nr0rAQAAIAAJ&dq=Nagina+jat+chaudhris+of+bijnor&pg=PA115 | title=District Gazetteers of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh | date=1908 }}</ref>

• Jhajjar city (Gahlawat Jats)- The city of Jhajjar is mentioned as a pargana in [[Ain-i-Akbari|Ain-i-akbari]], a mughal court official document. This was held by a Gahlawat Jat [[Zamindar]] and a part was shared with Afghans (settled by mughals to tackle Jats) too. The chief had 1000 horses ([[cavalry]]).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mubārak |first=Abū al-Faz̤l ibn |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Ain_I_Akbari.html?id=L8IXAAAAYAAJ#v=onepage&q=Afgh%C3%A1n,%20Jat&f=false |title=The Ain I Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |language=en}}</ref> This lineage traces back to Chaudhary Chajju Singh who was the founder of Jhajjar city.

• Bahadurgarh (Rathee Jats)- It was originally founded as Sarfabad by Rathee clan (gotra) of Jats in 16th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Purser |first=W. E. |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Report_on_the_Revised_Land_Revenue_Settl.html?id=X_K1s8W57zAC#v=onepage&q=bahadurgarh%20rathee%20jats&f=false |title=Report on the Revised Land Revenue Settlement of the Rohtak District of the Hissar Division in the Punjab |date=1880 |publisher=W. Ball |language=en}}</ref> Later, the name was changed to Bahadurgarh.

== Demographics ==

== Demographics ==

As of the 2011 census, Jhajjar District had a population of 956,907, roughly equal to the nation of Fiji or the US state of Montana. This gives it a ranking of 456th in India (out of a total of 640). Males constitute 54% of the population and females constitute 46%. Jhajjar has an average literacy rate of 80.83%, higher than the national average of 74%. Male literacy is 89.44%, and female literacy is 70.16%.<ref name=”census” /> The district has a population density of {{convert|522|/km2|/mi2|disp=preunit|inhabitants&nbsp;|inhabitants|sp=us}} .[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.73%.Jhajjar has a sex ratio of 861 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 80.8%.

As of 2011, Jhajjar District had a population of 956,907. Males constitute 54% of the population and females constitute 46%. Jhajjar has an average literacy rate of 80.83%, higher than the national average of 74%. Male literacy is 89.44%, and female literacy is 70.16%.<ref name=”census” />

The district has a population density of {{convert|522|/km2|/mi2|disp=preunit|inhabitants&nbsp;|inhabitants|sp=us}} .[1] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 8.73%.Jhajjar has a sex ratio of 861 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 80.8%.

In the 2011 National Census, it was found that Jhajjar district has the lowest sex ratio in India of the 0-6 group, with just 774 girls to 1,000 boys. Two villages in Jhajjar have extremely low gender-ratios: Bahrana and Dimana have gender ratios of 378 girls to 1,000 boys and 444 girls to 1,000 boys respectively. In Jhajjar, parents are able to illegally learn the gender of the fetus through secret early morning ultrasounds at registered clinics and through the use of code-words, Ladoo for boy and Jalebi for girl; these families often go on to abort female fetuses.

In the 2011 National Census, it was found that Jhajjar district has the lowest sex ratio in India of the 0-6 group, with just 774 girls to 1,000 boys. Two villages in Jhajjar have extremely low gender-ratios: Bahrana and Dimana have gender ratios of 378 girls to 1,000 boys and 444 girls to 1,000 boys respectively. In Jhajjar, parents are able to illegally learn the gender of the fetus through secret early morning ultrasounds at registered clinics and through the use of code-words, Ladoo for boy and Jalebi for girl; these families often go on to abort female fetuses.

City in Haryana, India