John Brown Francis Herreshoff: Difference between revisions

{{Short description|American chemist (1850–1932)}}

{{Short description|American chemist (1850–1932)}}

{{confuse|John Brown Herreshoff}}

{{|John Brown Herreshoff}}

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| name = John Brown Francis Herreshoff

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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1850|2|7}}

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”’John Brown Francis Herreshoff”’ (February 7, 1850 – January 30, 1932) was <!– He never was a president of the ACS, see http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/about/president/acspresidents.html –> was an American chemist and the second winner of the [[Perkin Medal]].<ref name=obit>{{cite news |title=Dr. J. B. Herreshoff, Chemist, 81, Dies|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0F17FC3F5513738DDDA80B94D9405B828FF1D3|newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=January 31, 1932 |access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=”Chemical Society President“>{{cite news|title=Dr. John Herreshoff, Noted Scientist, Dies at 81 in New York|url=http://idnc.library.illinois.edu/cgi–bin/illinois?a=d&d=DIL19320131.2.71|access–date=26 April 2015|publisher=The Daily Illini|date=31 January 1932}}</ref> He was also the president of The General Chemical Company.<ref name=Died>{{cite news |title=Died |url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030273/1920-03-24/ed-1/seq-11/#date1=1836&sort=relevance&rows=20&words=Frederick+Herreshoff&searchType=basic&sequence=0&index=5&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=Frederick+Herreshoff&y=12&x=14&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2 |access-date=April 26, 2015 |newspaper=The Sun and the New York Herald |date=March 24, 1920}}</ref><ref name=“Johnson-Brown 1904“ /><ref name=”spellane22″>{{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-09629-7_8 |chapter=Acid and Copper: The 50-Year Partnership of John Brown Francis Herreshoff and William Nichols |title=Chemical and Petroleum Industries at Newtown Creek |series=SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science |date=2022 |last1=Spellane |first1=Peter |pages=65–81 |isbn=978-3-031-09628-0 }}</ref>

”’John Brown Francis Herreshoff”’ (February 7, 1850 – January 30, 1932) was<!– He never was a president of the ACS, see http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/about/president/acspresidents.html –> an American chemist and the second winner of the [[Perkin Medal]]. .<ref name=” “>{{cite |= |-=|-= |= |= of |url=://../=&=&= |= |= , “” |= |=The |= |=

==Biography==

* “[[Herreshoff, Nathaniel Greene]]” (1848–{{italic correction|”1938”}})</ref><ref name=”spellane22″>{{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-09629-7_8 |chapter=Acid and Copper: The 50-Year Partnership of John Brown Francis Herreshoff and William Nichols |title=Chemical and Petroleum Industries at Newtown Creek |series=SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science |date=2022 |last1=Spellane |first1=Peter |pages=65–81 |isbn=978-3-031-09628-0 }}</ref>

Herreshoff was a metallurgical chemist affiliated with the firm of [[Herreshoff Manufacturing Company]], builders of [[yachts]] and [[torpedo boats]].<ref name=Yacht>{{cite news|title=Coming International Yacht Race|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1899-09-10/ed-1/seq-28/#date1=1836&index=5&rows=20&words=Herreshoff+John&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=John+Herreshoff&y=10&x=18&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|access-date=26 April 2015|publisher=[[The San Francisco Call]]|date=10 September 1899}}</ref> Herreshoff was hired by [[G. H. Nichols and Company]] in 1880 or 1882.<ref name=LeePartner> Lee, Frank E., “Nicholas Suppl.”, Box 507, Folder 16, Historical Material 1930-1976, Phelps Dodge Corporation Laurel Plant Records 1893-1983, Long Island Division, Queens Borough Public Library.</ref> He invented and built for them a water-jacketed furnace,<ref name=”uspto1″>{{cite news |last1=HERRESHOFF |first1=JOHN BROWN FRANCIS |title=Copper Smelting Furnace |publisher=USPTO |date=13 March 1883}}</ref><ref name=”peters11″>{{cite book |last1=PETERS |first1=EDWARD DYER |title=The Practice of Copper Smelting |date=1911 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Company |location=New York |url=https://ia801409.us.archive.org/22/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.39135/2015.39135.The-Practice-Of-Copper-Smelting_text.pdf |page=67}}</ref> and quickly became a partner in the company.<ref name=LeePartner /><ref name=”p346″>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.27.687.346.a |title=The Chemical Society of Washington |date=1908 |last1=Leclerc |first1=J. A. |journal=Science |volume=27 |issue=687 |page=346 |pmid=17774488 }}</ref> Others built according to his smelter plans furnaces up to 100 tons in 1890.<ref name=”usgs1″>{{cite news |last1=ROSS |first1=CLARENCE S. |title=ORIGIN OF THE COPPER DEPOSITS OF THE DUCKTOWN TYPE IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN REGION |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0179/report.pdf |work= |agency=GEOLOGICAL SURVEY |issue=Professional Paper 179 |publisher=UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR |date=1935}}</ref> He was greatly interested in obtaining copper from [[pyrite ore]].<ref name=”spellane15″>{{cite news |last1=Spellane |first1=Peter |title=Newtown Creek: 19th Century Maps as Predictors of 21st Century Environmental Legacy |url=https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu/gened/files/2016/04/Newtown-creek-19th-century-maps-as-predictors-of-21st-century-environmental-legacy-1apr16-KNOWING-BROOKLYN.pdf |publisher=New York City College of Technology CUNY}}</ref>

Herreshoff was a metallurgical chemist affiliated with the firm of [[Herreshoff Manufacturing Company]], builders of [[yachts]] and [[torpedo boats]].<ref name=Yacht>{{cite news|title=Coming International Yacht Race|url=http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1899-09-10/ed-1/seq-28/#date1=1836&index=5&rows=20&words=Herreshoff+John&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=John+Herreshoff&y=10&x=18&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1|access-date=26 April 2015|publisher=[[The San Francisco Call]]|date=10 September 1899}}</ref> Herreshoff was hired by [[G. H. Nichols and Company]] in 1880 or 1882.<ref name=LeePartner> Lee, Frank E., “Nicholas Suppl.”, Box 507, Folder 16, Historical Material 1930-1976, Phelps Dodge Corporation Laurel Plant Records 1893-1983, Long Island Division, Queens Borough Public Library.</ref> He invented and built for them a water-jacketed furnace,<ref name=”uspto1″>{{cite news |last1=HERRESHOFF |first1=JOHN BROWN FRANCIS |title=Copper Smelting Furnace |publisher=USPTO |date=13 March 1883}}</ref><ref name=”peters11″>{{cite book |last1=PETERS |first1=EDWARD DYER |title=The Practice of Copper Smelting |date=1911 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Company |location=New York |url=https://ia801409.us.archive.org/22/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.39135/2015.39135.The-Practice-Of-Copper-Smelting_text.pdf |page=67}}</ref> and quickly became a partner in the company.<ref name=LeePartner /><ref name=”p346″>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.27.687.346.a |title=The Chemical Society of Washington |date=1908 |last1=Leclerc |first1=J. A. |journal=Science |volume=27 |issue=687 |page=346 |pmid=17774488 }}</ref> Others built according to his smelter plans furnaces up to 100 tons in 1890.<ref name=”usgs1″>{{cite news |last1=ROSS |first1=CLARENCE S. |title=ORIGIN OF THE COPPER DEPOSITS OF THE DUCKTOWN TYPE IN THE SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN REGION |url=https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0179/report.pdf |work= |agency=GEOLOGICAL SURVEY |issue=Professional Paper 179 |publisher=UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR |date=1935}}</ref> He was greatly interested in obtaining copper from [[pyrite ore]].<ref name=”spellane15″>{{cite news |last1=Spellane |first1=Peter |title=Newtown Creek: 19th Century Maps as Predictors of 21st Century Environmental Legacy |url=https://openlab.citytech.cuny.edu/gened/files/2016/04/Newtown-creek-19th-century-maps-as-predictors-of-21st-century-environmental-legacy-1apr16-KNOWING-BROOKLYN.pdf |publisher=New York City College of Technology CUNY}}</ref>

In 1890, Herreshoff developed a form of the [[contact catalytic process]] for the company of which he was a partner.<ref name=cuny1>{{cite news |title=Historical Maps, Geospatial Methods, and Brooklyn’s Early Chemicals and Petroleum Industries |first1=Peter |last1=Spellane |first2=Anne |last2=Leonard |publisher=Brooklyn Waterfront Research Center, NYC College of Technology CUNY |date=17 October 2013 |url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.commons.gc.cuny.edu/wp-content/blogs.dir/643/files/2013/10/NEWTOWN-CREEK-BWRC-20131017.pdf }}</ref> In 1892 the Herreshoff process went into large-scale industrial production, and “Nichols Lake Substitute” copper was henceforth a competitor to the “Lake Superior” copper standard of the [[US Bureau of Mines]].<ref name=cuny1/> By 1895 the Nichols Company was producing high-purity [[blister copper]], cast as bars, ingots and wire.<ref name=cuny1/>

In 1890, Herreshoff developed a form of the [[contact catalytic process]] for the company of which he was a partner.<ref name=cuny1>{{cite news |title=Historical Maps, Geospatial Methods, and Brooklyn’s Early Chemicals and Petroleum Industries |first1=Peter |last1=Spellane |first2=Anne |last2=Leonard |publisher=Brooklyn Waterfront Research Center, NYC College of Technology CUNY |date=17 October 2013 |url=https://s3.amazonaws.com/files.commons.gc.cuny.edu/wp-content/blogs.dir/643/files/2013/10/NEWTOWN-CREEK-BWRC-20131017.pdf }}</ref> In 1892 the Herreshoff process went into large-scale industrial production, and “Nichols Lake Substitute” copper was henceforth a competitor to the “Lake Superior” copper standard of the [[US Bureau of Mines]].<ref name=cuny1/> By 1895 the Nichols Company was producing high-purity [[blister copper]], cast as bars, ingots and wire.<ref name=cuny1/>

Herreshoff was made the president of [[The General Chemical Company]], which was founded in 1899 and merged in 1920 with [[Allied Corporation]].<ref name=“Died“/> In 1900 Herreshoff was made Vice-President of the [[Nichols Copper Company]].<ref name=p346/>

Herreshoff was made the president of [[The General Chemical Company]], which was founded in 1899 and merged in 1920 with [[Allied Corporation]].<ref name=Died/> In 1900 Herreshoff was made Vice-President of the [[Nichols Copper Company]].<ref name=p346/>

===Patents===

===Patents===

[[File:Herreshoff-drawing.pdf|thumb|Drawing of “Copper Smelting Furnace” by JBF Herreshoff for USPTO 273840]]

[[File:Herreshoff-drawing.pdf|thumb|Drawing of “Copper Smelting Furnace” by JBF Herreshoff for USPTO 273840]]

{{div col|colwidth=30em}}

*{{US patent|273840A}} (1883): Copper smelting furnace

*{{US patent|273840A}} (1883): Copper smelting furnace

*{{US patent|304103A}} (1884): PULLEY BLOCK

*{{US patent|304103A}} (1884): PULLEY BLOCK

*{{US patent|1085419A}} (1912): Roasting-furnace

*{{US patent|1085419A}} (1912): Roasting-furnace

*{{US patent|1609873A}} (1925): Condenser

*{{US patent|1609873A}} (1925): Condenser

{{div col end}}

==Personal life==

==Recipient of the Perkin Medal==

==Death==

Herreshoff died January 30, 1932.

John Brown Francis Herreshoff was married four times.

<ol type=”1″ start=”1″>

<li> After Grace’s death, he married – on October 25, 1882, in Philadelphia – Emaline Duval (“Mildred”) Lee ({{italic correction|”maiden”}}; 1863–1930). From that marriage, he had two sons and a daughter. One of the sons, [[Fred Herreshoff|Frederick Herreshoff]] (1888–1920), became a noted American amateur golfer. By way his daughter from that marriage, Sarah Lothrop Herreshoff (1889–1958), a grandson, Guido Borgianni [[:it:Guido Borgianni|(it)]]<ref name=”Il-Foro-Italiano 1972″ /> (1914–2011), became a noted Italian painter.

<li> Herreshoff and Mildred divorced June 4, 1919, in Manhattan, and five days later, on June 9, 1919, Herreshoff married Carrie Lucas Ridley ({{italic correction|”maiden”}}; 1878–1924), her second.

<ref name=”Johnson-Brown 1904″>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|Johnson & Brown,|1904|p=}} |last1=Johnson |first1=Edwin Rossiter, PhD, LLD (1840–1931), editor-in-chief |author-link1=Rossiter Johnson |last2=Brown |first2=John Howard, managing editor |date=1904 |chapter= |chapter-url= |title=The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i1IDAAAAYAAJ&q=%22herreshoff%22&pg=RA11-PP4 |type= |series= |language= |volume=5 (of 10), “Habb–Izard” |edition= |location=[[Boston]] |publisher=The Biographical Society (publisher); Plimpton Press (printer) |page= |pages= |access-date=February 14, 2021 |via=[[Google Books]] }}

<ol type=”i” start=”1″>

Entries (no page numbers):

<li> “[[Nathaniel Greene Herreshoff|Herreshoff, Nathaniel Greene]]” (1848–{{italic correction|”1938”}})</ol></ref>

Herreshoff died January 30, 1932, at the home of his daughter in New York City.<ref name=obit>{{cite news |title=Dr. J. B. Herreshoff, Chemist, 81, Dies|url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FB0F17FC3F5513738DDDA80B94D9405B828FF1D3|newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=January 31, 1932 |access-date=26 April 2015}}</ref>

}}

==External links==

==External links==

[[Category:1932 deaths]]

[[Category:1932 deaths]]

[[Category:Herreshoff family]]

[[Category:Herreshoff family]]

[[Category:Presidents of the American Chemical Society]]

[[Category:American chemists]]

[[Category:American chemists]]

<!– He never was a president of the ACS, see http://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/about/president/acspresidents.html –>

American chemist (1850–1932)

John Brown Francis Herreshoff
Born	(1850-02-07)February 7, 1850
Died	January 30, 1932(1932-01-30) (aged 81) New York City
Occupation	Chemist

John Brown Francis Herreshoff (February 7, 1850 – January 30, 1932) was an American chemist and the second winner of the Perkin Medal. He was also the president of The General Chemical Company.^[1][2]

Herreshoff was a metallurgical chemist affiliated with the firm of Herreshoff Manufacturing Company, builders of yachts and torpedo boats.^[3] Herreshoff was hired by G. H. Nichols and Company in 1880 or 1882.^[4] He invented and built for them a water-jacketed furnace,^[5][6] and quickly became a partner in the company.^[4][7] Others built according to his smelter plans furnaces up to 100 tons in 1890.^[8] He was greatly interested in obtaining copper from pyrite ore.^[9]

In 1890, Herreshoff developed a form of the contact catalytic process for the company of which he was a partner.^[10] In 1892 the Herreshoff process went into large-scale industrial production, and “Nichols Lake Substitute” copper was henceforth a competitor to the “Lake Superior” copper standard of the US Bureau of Mines.^[10] By 1895 the Nichols Company was producing high-purity blister copper, cast as bars, ingots and wire.^[10]

Herreshoff was made the president of The General Chemical Company, which was founded in 1899 and merged in 1920 with Allied Corporation.^[11] In 1900 Herreshoff was made Vice-President of the Nichols Copper Company.^[7]

In 1908 Herreshoff received the Perkin Medal,^[12] an award conferred annually by the American section of the Society of Chemical Industry to a scientist residing in America for an “innovation in applied chemistry resulting in outstanding commercial development”. It is one of the highest honors given in the U.S. chemical industry.

Herreshoff was born February 7, 1850, in Bristol, Rhode Island, to Charles Frederick Herreshoff III (1809–1888) and Julia Ann Lewis (maiden; 1811–1901).

John Brown Francis Herreshoff was married four times. He first married – on February 9, 1876 – Grace Eugenia Dyer (maiden; 1851–1880), with whom he had a daughter, Louise Chamberlain Herreshoff (1876–1967), who went on to become a painter.

After Dyer’s death, he married – on October 25, 1882, in Philadelphia – Emaline Duval (“Mildred”) Lee (maiden; 1863–1930). From that marriage, he had two sons and a daughter. One of the sons, Frederick Herreshoff (1888–1920), became a noted American amateur golfer. By way his daughter from that marriage, Sarah Lothrop Herreshoff (1889–1958), a grandson, Guido Borgianni [it]^[13] (1914–2011), became a noted Italian painter. Herreshoff and Mildred divorced June 4, 1919, in Manhattan.

Five days later, on June 9, 1919, Herreshoff married Carrie Lucas Ridley (maiden; 1878–1924), her second. On October 5, 1924 (six months after Carrie’s death), Herreshoff married Carrie’s sister, Irma Grey Ridley (1872–1946).

Herreshoff died January 30, 1932, at the home of his daughter in New York City.^[14]