July 1945: Difference between revisions

 

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*General [[Douglas MacArthur]] announced that the Philippines had been completely liberated.<ref name=”on war july 2-11″ />

*General [[Douglas MacArthur]] announced that the Philippines had been completely liberated.<ref name=”on war july 2-11″ />

*The [[1945 United Kingdom general election|United Kingdom general election]] was held. The results would not be announced until July 26 to allow time for the votes of troops serving overseas to be counted.<ref>{{cite journal |date=July 23, 1945 |title=Churchill Expected to Return to Hear Results of Election |journal=[[Chicago Tribune|Chicago Daily Tribune]] |location=Chicago |publisher=[[Tribune Publishing Company|Chicago Daily Tribune]] |page=1 }}</ref>

*The [[1945 United Kingdom general election|United Kingdom general election]] was held. The results would not be announced until July 26 to allow time for the votes of troops serving overseas to be counted.<ref>{{cite journal |date=July 23, 1945 |title=Churchill Expected to Return to Hear Results of Election |journal=[[Chicago Tribune|Chicago Daily Tribune]] |location=Chicago |publisher=[[Tribune Publishing Company|Chicago Daily Tribune]] |page=1 }}</ref>

*[[Frank Forde]] became [[Prime Minister of Australia]] when the incumbent [[John Curtin]] died in office. Forde would serve for one week, making him the shortest serving Prime Minister in Australian history.

*[[Frank Forde]] became [[Prime Minister of Australia]] when the incumbent [[John Curtin]] died in office. Forde would serve for one week, making him the shortestserving in Australian history.

*The Polish [[Provisional Government of National Unity]] was recognized by Britain and the United States.<ref name=”chronicle of the 20th c.” />

*The Polish [[Provisional Government of National Unity]] was recognized by Britain and the United States.<ref name=”chronicle of the 20th c.” />

*”’Died:”’ [[John Curtin]], 60, 14th [[Prime Minister of Australia]]

*”’Died:”’ [[John Curtin]], 60, 14th [[ of Australia]]

==[[July 6]], 1945 (Friday)==

==[[July 6]], 1945 (Friday)==

Month of 1945

The following events occurred in July 1945:

• About 500 Canadian troops rioted in Aldershot, England, in protest about the delay in sending them home.^[6]
• The Auxiliary Flight Research Station (AFRS) on Wallops Island, Virginia, launched its first test vehicle, a small two-stage, solid-fuel rocket to check out the installation’s instrumentation.^[7]

• The Mitsubishi J8M, a Japanese rocket-powered aircraft copied from the Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet interceptor, made its first flight.^[10]
• Japanese soldiers in Burma carried out the Kalagong massacre, killing an estimated 600 villagers after they failed to provide any information under questioning about guerrillas in the area.
• Born: Michael Ancram, politician, in London, England; Heloísa Pinheiro, the source of inspiration for the song “The Girl from Ipanema“; Matti Salminen, operatic bass singer, in Turku, Finland

• The Berlin municipal council officially confiscated all property held by members of the Nazi Party.^[12]
• The American government admitted responsibility for the April 1 sinking of the Japanese hospital ship Awa Maru, claiming it was an error.^[12]
• Died: Alla Nazimova, 66, Russian actress (coronary thrombosis)

• Italy declared war on Japan effective the next day.^[9]
• Japanese destroyer Tachibana was bombed and sunk in Hakodate Bay by U.S. Navy aircraft.
• The Simla Conference on the future of Indian government ended in failure.^[5]
• The ban on Allied troops fraternizing with German women was lifted.^[1]

• The Battle of Balikpapan ended in Allied victory.
• A U.S. Navy captain in the Office of War Information broadcast in Japanese an unauthorized talk in which he stated that American patience was “rapidly running out” and told Japan to surrender unconditionally or face “virtual destruction”.^[14]
• Born: John Lowe, professional darts player, in New Tupton, Derbyshire, England

• American, British and Russian officials agreed to allow their respective military police forces to move freely throughout all occupation zones of Berlin to thwart the city’s runaway black market trade.^[15]
• Art treasures worth an estimated $500 million U.S. that had been looted by the Germans during the war were returned to two galleries in Florence, Italy.^[16]

• The Potsdam Conference adjourned temporarily so the British delegation could return to England to hear the election results.^[17]
• The U.S. government announced the end of all organized Japanese resistance on Mindanao.^[5]
• Japanese Patrol Boat No. 2 (former destroyer Nadakaze) was sunk by British submarine HMS Stubborn in the Java Sea.
• Philippe Pétain caused an uproar when he spoke for the first time during his trial, claiming that he was deaf and had not heard a thing that had been said in court up to that time. Many in the courtroom did not believe him, pointing out that he had frequently appeared to be listening attentively and fidgeted the most when serious charges were being made against him.^[18]

• 1945 Empire State Building B-25 crash: A B-25 Mitchell bomber crashed into the Empire State Building in New York City during a heavy fog, resulting in fourteen deaths.
• At a press conference, Japanese Prime Minister Kantarō Suzuki gave a response to the Potsdam Declaration that elicited confusion. The translation was unclear as to whether he refused to acknowledge the demand or wished to make no comment at that time.^[2]
• American B-29s carried out the bombing of Aomori.
• Japanese battleships Haruna and Ise and cruiser Ōyodo were sunk on the final day of the bombing of Kure.
• The American destroyer Callaghan was sunk by a Yokosuka K5Y kamikaze attack off Okinawa.
• The United States Senate ratified the Charter of the United Nations, signed a month earlier.
• Born: Jim Davis, cartoonist and creator of the Garfield comic strip, in Marion, Indiana
• Died: Margot Asquith, Countess of Oxford and Asquith, 81, British socialite, author and wit, widow of H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, in London