Madrid Distinction: Difference between revisions

Line 29: Line 29:

}}

}}

The ”’Madrid Distinction”’ ({{langx|es|Distintivo de Madrid}}) was one of the highest [[List of military decorations|military awards]] of the [[Second Spanish Republic]]. It was a decoration related to the [[Laureate Plate of Madrid]].<ref>[http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=424933 ”Legislacíón sobre la Placa Laureada de Madrid y Distintivo de Madrid”], Revista de Historia Militar, ISSN 0482-5748, Nº Extra 2, 2011, pp. 299-316</ref> which was established by the [[Second Spanish Republic]] in order to reward courage.<ref>Luis Grávalos & José Luis Calvo, ”Condecoraciones Militares Españolas”, Editorial San Martin, 1988, {{ISBN|8471402661}}</ref> In the same manner as the Laureate Plate it was named after [[Madrid]], the capital of Spain, owing to the city symbolizing valour and the defence of the Spanish Republic during the long [[Siege of Madrid]] throughout the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref>Second Spanish Republic 23 January 1938 Decree</ref>

The ”’Madrid Distinction”’ ({{langx|es|Distintivo de Madrid}}) was one of the highest [[List of military decorations|military awards]] of the [[Second Spanish Republic]]. It was a decoration related to the [[Laureate Plate of Madrid]].<ref>[http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=424933 ”Legislacíón sobre la Placa Laureada de Madrid y Distintivo de Madrid”], Revista de Historia Militar, ISSN 0482-5748, Nº Extra 2, 2011, pp. 299-316</ref> which was established by the [[Second Spanish Republic]] in order to reward courage.<ref>Luis Grávalos & José Luis Calvo, ”Condecoraciones Militares Españolas”, Editorial San Martin, 1988, {{ISBN|8471402661}}</ref> In the same manner as the Laureate Plate it was named after [[Madrid]], the capital of Spain, owing to the city symbolizing valour and the defence of the Spanish Republic during the long [[Siege of Madrid]] the [[Spanish Civil War]].<ref>Second Spanish Republic 23 January 1938 Decree</ref>

==History==

==History==

The ”Distintivo de Madrid” was first awarded in January 1938 to certain warships of the loyalist fleet as well as to their crew members for their role in the [[Battle of Cape Palos (1938)|Battle of Cape Palos]]. Meanwhile the admiral of the [[Spanish Republican Navy]], [[Luis González de Ubieta]], was awarded the Laureate Plate of Madrid for the same action.<ref name=”EGD”/>

The ”Distintivo de Madrid” was January 1938 to certain of the as well as to their crew members for their role in the [[Battle of Cape Palos (1938)|Battle of Cape Palos]] [[Spanish Republican Navy, [[Luis González de Ubieta]], the Laureate Plate of Madrid for the same action.<ref name=”EGD”/>

The war ended in April the following year with the defeat of the Spanish Republic by the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|rebel faction]], which meant the end of the short existence of this military award. Unlike the Laureate Plate of Madrid, the Madrid Distinction displayed the former [[coat of arms of Madrid]] and not the [[red star]], a symbol often associated with [[communist]] ideology.

The ended in April with the defeat of the Spanish Republic by the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)| faction]], which meant the end of the short existence of the Madrid Distinction

==Awardees==

==Awardees==

===Vessels===

======

The following [[Spanish Republican Navy]] ships flew the ”Distintivo de Madrid” special [[Pennon|pennant]].

The following Spanish Republican Navy ships flew the ”Distintivo de Madrid” special [[Pennon|pennant]].

*[[Light cruiser]] [[Spanish cruiser Príncipe Alfonso|”Libertad”]]

*[[Light cruiser]] [[Spanish cruiser Príncipe Alfonso|”Libertad”]]

*Light cruiser {{ship|Spanish cruiser|Méndez Núñez||2}}

*Light cruiser {{ship|Spanish cruiser|Méndez Núñez||2}}

Line 45: Line 46:

*Destroyer {{ship|Spanish destroyer|Sánchez Barcáiztegui||2}}

*Destroyer {{ship|Spanish destroyer|Sánchez Barcáiztegui||2}}

===Persons===

======

All the crew members of the ships that took part in the Cape Palos [[naval battle]] were awarded the ”Distintivo de Madrid”. They were issued a special cloth badge to wear on their uniforms.<ref name=”EGD”>Enrique García Domingo, ”Recompensas republicanas por el hundimiento del Baleares,” Revista de Historia Naval, 1997, Año XV no. 59, pg. 70</ref>

All the crew members of the ships that took part in the Cape Palos [[naval battle]] were awarded the ”Distintivo de Madrid”. They were issued a special cloth badge to wear on their uniforms.<ref name=”EGD”>Enrique García Domingo, ”Recompensas republicanas por el hundimiento del Baleares,” Revista de Historia Naval, 1997, Año XV no. 59, pg. 70</ref>

Award

Distintivo de Madrid
Pennant
Type	Badge
Awarded for	Valour
Presented by	the Spanish Republic
Eligibility	Ships and Navy personnel
Status	Awarded 1938–1939
Established	23 January 1938

The Madrid Distinction (Spanish: Distintivo de Madrid) was one of the highest military awards of the Second Spanish Republic. It was a decoration related to the Laureate Plate of Madrid.^[1] which was established by the Second Spanish Republic in order to reward courage.^[2] In the same manner as the Laureate Plate of Madrid, it was named after Madrid, the capital of Spain, owing to the city symbolizing valour and the defence of the Second Spanish Republic during the long Siege of Madrid, which lasted from November 1936 through March 1939 during the Spanish Civil War.^[3] Unlike the Laureate Plate of Madrid, the Distintivo de Madrid displayed the former coat of arms of Madrid and not the red star, a symbol often associated with communist ideology.

History

The Distintivo de Madrid was established on 23 January 1938, It was first awarded to certain warships of the Spanish Republican Navy as well as to their crew members for their role in the Battle of Cape Palos of 5–6 March 1938. The admiral commanding the Spanish Republican Navy, Luis González de Ubieta, received the Laureate Plate of Madrid for the same action.^[4]

The Spanish Civil War ended in April 1939 with the defeat of the Second Spanish Republic by the National faction and the establishment of Francoist Spain, which meant the end of the short existence of the Madrid Distinction.

Awardees

Ships

The following Spanish Republican Navy ships flew the Distintivo de Madrid special pennant.

Personnel

All the crew members of the ships that took part in the Cape Palos naval battle were awarded the Distintivo de Madrid. They were issued a special cloth badge to wear on their uniforms.^[4]

See also

References

External links