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==Later events == |
==Later events == |
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[[File:Батареї № 111 4-го окремого артилерійського дивізіону берегової оборони ЧФ.jpg|thumb|The Second World War gun position]] |
[[File:Батареї № 111 4-го окремого артилерійського дивізіону берегової оборони ЧФ.jpg|thumb|The Second World War gun position]] |
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During the [[Russian Revolution of 1905]] revolutionary workers, soldiers and sailors met on the hill and it was in a nearby gully that, in June, sailors from the Black Sea Fleet agreed to mutiny.<ref name=enc/> Sevastopol was attacked by Axis forces during the [[Second World War]], with [[Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)|a siege]] starting in late 1941. With the situation worsening, the Soviet leadership fled the city on 1 July 1942 and German infantry entered. Captain-Lieutenant Aleksei Matyukin commanded a battery of two 130mm guns on Malakhov Kurgan and fired these until he ran out of ammunition, the position was overrun and Matyukin was captured.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Forczyk |first1=Robert |title=Where the Iron Crosses Grow: The Crimea 1941–44 |date=20 September 2014 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78200-976-4 |page=329 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Where_the_Iron_Crosses_Grow/0M7vCwAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref> Soon after its 1944 liberation by the Soviets the Russian film ”[[Malokhov Hill]]” was released telling the story of a widow caught up in the final days before the city fell to the Germans.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Youngblood |first1=Denise Jeanne |title=Russian War Films: On the Cinema Front, 1914-2005 |date=2007 |publisher=University Press of Kansas |isbn=978-0-7006-1489-9 |pages=77-78 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Russian_War_Films/6VBoAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}</ref> On the day of the 18 March 2014 formal [[Russian annexation of Crimea]] Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] mentioned the Malakhov Kurgan in a speech justifying its seizure.<ref>{{cite book |last1= |
During the [[Russian Revolution of 1905]] revolutionary workers, soldiers and sailors met on the hill and it was in a nearby gully that, in June, sailors from the Black Sea Fleet agreed to mutiny.<ref name=enc/> Sevastopol was attacked by Axis forces during the [[Second World War]], with [[Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)|a siege]] starting in late 1941. With the situation worsening, the Soviet leadership fled the city on 1 July 1942 and German infantry entered. Captain-Lieutenant Aleksei Matyukin commanded a battery of two 130mm guns on Malakhov Kurgan and fired these until he ran out of ammunition, the position was overrun and Matyukin was captured.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Forczyk |first1=Robert |title=Where the Iron Crosses Grow: The Crimea 1941–44 |date=20 September 2014 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-78200-976-4 |page=329 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Where_the_Iron_Crosses_Grow/0M7vCwAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref> Soon after its 1944 liberation by the Soviets the Russian film ”[[Malokhov Hill]]” was released telling the story of a widow caught up in the final days before the city fell to the Germans.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Youngblood |first1=Denise Jeanne |title=Russian War Films: On the Cinema Front, 1914-2005 |date=2007 |publisher=University Press of Kansas |isbn=978-0-7006-1489-9 |pages=77-78 |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Russian_War_Films/6VBoAAAAMAAJ |language=en}}</ref> On the day of the 18 March 2014 formal [[Russian annexation of Crimea]] Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] mentioned the Malakhov Kurgan in a speech justifying its seizure.<ref>{{cite book |last1= |first1= |= : |date= |publisher= Press |= |url=https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition// |language=en}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 14:45, 4 November 2025
Malakhov Kurgan is a tactically important height in the southeastern portion of the Crimean city of Sevastopol. It was fortified and became an important Russian position during the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855) in the Crimean War, before it was captured by the French in the Battle of Malakoff. During the Russian Revolution of 1905 it was the site of revolutionary meetings and in the Second World War housed an artillery battery that fought until the end of the Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942). The site now houses a museum.
A defensive tower was built on the hill in autumn 1854 and it became an important part of the Russian defences against the attacking French and British troops during the Siege of Sevastopol (1854–1855) in the Crimean War. The field fortifications erected around the tower became known as the Kornilov bastion after the Russian Vice-Admiral Vladimir Alexeyevich Kornilov who was a commander during the defence and was mortally wounded there in late 1854. Admiral Pavel Nakhimov was later mortally wounded on the hill during the siege. The hill was attacked by French forces on the night of 9 September [O.S. 28 August] 1855 in the Battle of Malakoff. Although they suffered heavy casualties the French took possession of the hill, forcing the Russians to retreat from the southern part of Sevastopol. After the war memorial plaques were installed on the tower, at the sites of the defence batteries, the locations where the two admirals were killed and over a mass grave. The tower now hosts a museum.[1]
During the Russian Revolution of 1905 revolutionary workers, soldiers and sailors met on the hill and it was in a nearby gully that, in June, sailors from the Black Sea Fleet agreed to mutiny.[1] Sevastopol was attacked by Axis forces during the Second World War, with a siege starting in late 1941. With the situation worsening, the Soviet leadership fled the city on 1 July 1942 and German infantry entered. Captain-Lieutenant Aleksei Matyukin commanded a battery of two 130mm guns on Malakhov Kurgan and fired these until he ran out of ammunition, the position was overrun and Matyukin was captured.[2] Soon after its 1944 liberation by the Soviets the Russian film Malokhov Hill was released telling the story of a widow caught up in the final days before the city fell to the Germans.[3] On the day of the 18 March 2014 formal Russian annexation of Crimea Russian president Vladimir Putin mentioned the Malakhov Kurgan in a speech justifying its seizure.[4]
- ^ a b Grinevetsky, Sergei R.; Zonn, Igor S.; Zhiltsov, Sergei S.; Kosarev, Aleksey N.; Kostianoy, Andrey G. (30 September 2014). The Black Sea Encyclopedia. Springer. ISBN 978-3-642-55227-4.
- ^ Forczyk, Robert (20 September 2014). Where the Iron Crosses Grow: The Crimea 1941–44. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 329. ISBN 978-1-78200-976-4.
- ^ Youngblood, Denise Jeanne (2007). Russian War Films: On the Cinema Front, 1914-2005. University Press of Kansas. pp. 77–78. ISBN 978-0-7006-1489-9.
- ^ Greene, Samuel A.; Robertson, Graeme B. (11 June 2019). Putin v. the People: The Perilous Politics of a Divided Russia. Yale University Press. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-0-300-24505-9.
44°36′18″N 33°32′53″E / 44.605°N 33.548°E / 44.605; 33.548
