User:Namayan/sandbox/Casa Hacienda de Mandaloyon: Difference between revisions

 

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===Asilo de Huérfanas===

===Asilo de Huérfanas===

As the Augustinians housed orphaned boys at the orphanage they built in San Marcelino in [[Paco, Manila|Paco]], orphaned girls were sent to their Mandaloya hacienda, converting the casa hacienda into an orphan-asylum.

housed orphaned boys at the orphanage they built in San Marcelino in [[Paco, Manila|Paco]], orphaned girls were sent to their Mandaloya hacienda, converting into an orphan-asylum.

Upon invitation of the Agustinian order, the Agustinian Beatas of Barcelona,

of the Agustinian ,

the Agustinian Beatas of Barcelona,

Education of the orphaned girls were not taken for granted.

Soon they were give nuns

Education received by the orphaned girls at the asilo-colegio became widely known and were said to be ”excellent”. The orphaned girls were given Christian education and were also taught embroidery, sewing, and artificial flower-making, that won for them awards at the Madrid and Manila Expositions. The nuns eventually acceded to the repeated requests of wealthy families to accept the daughters of ”[[peninsulares]]” and ”[[mestizos]]” as boarders.<ref name=”zamora”>{{cite book |last1=Zamora |first1=Eladio |title=Las corporaciones religiosas en Filipinas |date=1901 |publisher=Impr. y librería religiosa de A. Martín |location=Valladolid |page=273 |url=https://archive.org/details/lascorporacione00zamogoog/ |access-date=27 October 2025 |language=Spanish}}</ref>

Education received by the orphaned girls at the asilo-colegio became widely known and were said to be ”excellent”. The orphaned girls were given Christian education and were also taught embroidery, sewing, and artificial flower-making, that won for them awards at the Madrid and Manila Expositions. The nuns eventually acceded to the repeated requests of wealthy families to accept the daughters of ”[[peninsulares]]” and ”[[mestizos]]” as boarders.<ref name=”zamora”>{{cite book |last1=Zamora |first1=Eladio |title=Las corporaciones religiosas en Filipinas |date=1901 |publisher=Impr. y librería religiosa de A. Martín |location=Valladolid |page=273 |url=https://archive.org/details/lascorporacione00zamogoog/ |access-date=27 October 2025 |language=Spanish}}</ref>

The asilo-colegio produced 22 native Filipino nuns.

The Casa Hacienda de Mandaloya^[1] or Mandaloyon (lit. ‘Madaloya Hacienda House or Mandaloyon Hacienda House‘) is a historical and heritage building built in 1716, and the oldest casa hacienda in existence in the Philippines.^[2] It is located within the campus Don Bosco Technical College in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila.

Throughout its history, the building served as a religious retreat house, convent, orphanage, provincial capitol,^[3] and seminary.^[4] It was where the existence and secrets of the Katipunan, the underground organization that sought to topple the Spanish colonial government was first revealed in 1896, leading to its discovery by Spanish authorities that ushered the Philippine revolution.^[5]

The building was constructed with the bahay na bato architecture with elements that are also found at the San Agustin convent in Intramuros, Manila. Its gran escalera or grand staircase still in its original form.

The casa hacienda was built by the Agustinian friars in 1716 to manage the vast estates they acquired in the 17th century, including land they purchased from Doña Jeronima Venegas in 1675.^[6] The hacienda encompassed more than 4,000 hectares^[7] of what is now Mandaluyong, San Juan, Punta (Santa Ana, Manila), Quezon City south of Diliman Creek, and Pasig west of Marikina River.

The cholera epidemic of 1882 killed tens of thousands in Manila and the surrounding provinces,^[8][9] leaving numerous children orphaned and begging on the streets. In response to distressing conditions of the children, Spanish Catholic matrons of Manila formed a committee to petition the Governor-General

The Augustinian fathers housed orphaned boys at the orphanage they built in San Marcelino in Paco, and sent orphaned girls were sent to their Mandaloya hacienda, converting their convent into an orphan-asylum. They then invited

of the Agustinian fathers,
beata
the Agustinian Beatas of Barcelona,
Education of the orphaned girls were not taken for granted.

Soon they were give nuns

Education received by the orphaned girls at the asilo-colegio became widely known and were said to be excellent. The orphaned girls were given Christian education and were also taught music, piano, painting, drawing, dressmaking, hairdressing, lacemaking, laundry work, while their embroidery, sewing, and artificial flower-making, that won for them awards at the Madrid and Manila Expositions. The nuns eventually acceded to the repeated requests of wealthy families to accept the daughters of peninsulares and mestizos as boarders.^[10]

The asilo-colegio produced 22 native Filipino nuns.

With Doña Maria del Carmen Ayala de Roxas as major sponsor the orphanage opened on December 26, 1884.

It was in the confines of this orphanage that the secret society of the Katipunan was first revealed. On August 19, 1896, Teodoro Patiño, a disgruntled member of the Katipunan, revealed to his sister Honoria, about the secret society and its plans to launch a revolution to overthrow Spanish rule.^[5] Shocked by the revelation and fearing for their lives and that of the orphans, Honoria relayed the matter to her prioress, who in turn convinced Teodoro to disclose the information to Mariano Gil, the parish priest of Tondo who arrived later in the day.

The building was bombarded in 1898 during the
During the revolution, the hacienda and orphanage were occupied by the revolutionaries.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

In 1913, Manila Archbishop Jeremiah James Harty decided to use the renovated building of the former orphanage to reestablish San Carlos Seminary―now under Vincentian administration―after the Jesuit-run San Javier Seminary with which San Carlos was fused into two years earlier closed.^[4]

Until 1927, the building would house both major and minor seminarians. From that period, major seminarians transferred to the Vincentian Central House at San Marcelino Street in Manila, but would return again in 1936 up to 1937. Rufino Santos, the first Filipino cardinal were among the seminarians who had his formation when the seminary was in this building. In 1941, major and minor seminarians were once again reunited in the building, but with the impending Japanese invasion of the Philippines in December of the same year, the seminary was closed.

On September 23, 1944, two days after the American aerial bombings to liberate the capital began, the Japanese forces commandeered the seminary building and confined the Vincentians and seminarians at the building’s east wing. The Vincentians were allowed to disperse to look for shelter, others continued their pastoral work in various institutions including the Psychopathic Hospital, women’s prison, juvenile delinquent facility and orphanages, while others heeded the wishes of the Provincial, Fr. Jose Tejada for some to remain in the seminary. Vincentian fathers Prisciano Gonzalez, Crispin Gomez, Antonino Mayoral, Brother Rafael Martinez, and the fourth year seminarian who decided to stay with the fathers, Gumersindo Novero remained in the seminary building.^[11]

American aerial attacks intensified in the succeeding months. On December 4, Japanese Captain Tada ordered the priests to give up the entire seminary to the army. On Christmas Day, the Japanese assisted them in transferring their belongings to the abandoned house they had offered them in neighboring San Juan del Monte. All, except for Fr. Mayoral—who managed to escape—would be murdered on the evening before the liberation of Mandaluyong from the Japanese on February 9, 1945.^[11]

With news of the arrival of American forces in Manila on February 3, the Japanese army abandoned the seminary by the next day, February 4. This resulted in the building’s looting by more than a thousand townspeople from the seminary’s neighborhood. The seminary building was stripped of everything it had including its doors and windows.^[11] It would nevertheless survive the burning of residential homes in its vicinity as Japanese forces retreated.^[12]

For months, the building was used as a sanctuary for American civilians who were rescued from the Santo Tomas Internment Camp in Sampaloc, Manila.^[11]

By August 1946, the Vincentian priests and seminarians were back at the building to resume their classes, after holding them for a year at the congregation’s convent in Plaridel, Bulacan.^[11] Apostolic delegate to the Philippines Egidio Vagnozzi visited the seminary in January 1950. On January 24, 1953, the new seminary building envisioned by the first Filipino Archbishop of Manila Gabriel Reyes was inaugurated in Guadalupe, Makati, which paved the way for San Carlos Seminary’s transfer that year. ^[13][14]

Just when the San Carlos Seminary transferred to Guadalupe in 1953, the Salesians of Don Bosco accepted the offer of the Archbishop of Manila to takeover the former seminary building^[15] to establish a school in order to provide technical and vocational education.^[16] This would become Don Bosco Technical Institute which opened on June 2, 1953 with 47 first year high school students.^[17] Don Bosco would grow around the building and by ____, it became Don Bosco Technical College.

Today, the building houses the Mary Help of Christians Chapel, Don Miguel Solaroli Library, and the school Rector’s Office.