== Article Draft ==
== Article Draft ==
=== Lead In ===
== Lead In ==
”’Ada White Bacot”’ (December 31, 1832-April 11, 1911) was a Confederate nurse for Civil War soldiers from 1861-1863.<ref name=”:0″>{{Cite web |title=Bacot, Ada White |url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/bacot-ada-white/ |access-date=2025-10-05 |website=South Carolina Encyclopedia |language=en-US}}</ref> She worked as a nurse at Monticello Hospital and eventually Midway Hospital in [[Charlottesville, Virginia|Charlottesville, VA]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Waldron |first=Ann |date=March 1, 1995 |title=”Tending the Wounded Rebels” |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/750896975?accountid=13965&parentSessionId=skJa1H%2FtgiAIfUG54CtVLTZmFETmWdWqZKHIg2eIA4I%3D&pq-origsite=primo&searchKeywords=ada%20bacot&sourcetype=Newspapers |access-date=October 5, 2025 |work=The Washington Post |pages=14}}</ref> In 1863, Bacot left the nursing profession for unknown reasons.<ref name=”:0″ />
”’Ada White Bacot”’ (December 31, 1832-April 11, 1911) was a Confederate nurse for Civil War soldiers from 1861-1863.<ref name=”:0″>{{Cite web |title=Bacot, Ada White |url=https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/bacot-ada-white/ |access-date=2025-10-05 |website=South Carolina Encyclopedia |language=en-US}}</ref> She worked as a nurse at Monticello Hospital and eventually Midway Hospital in [[Charlottesville, Virginia|Charlottesville, VA]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Waldron |first=Ann |date=March 1, 1995 |title=”Tending the Wounded Rebels” |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/750896975?accountid=13965&parentSessionId=skJa1H%2FtgiAIfUG54CtVLTZmFETmWdWqZKHIg2eIA4I%3D&pq-origsite=primo&searchKeywords=ada%20bacot&sourcetype=Newspapers |access-date=October 5, 2025 |work=The Washington Post |pages=14}}</ref> In 1863, Bacot left the nursing profession for unknown reasons.<ref name=”:0″ />
=== ”’Early Life/Education”’ ===
== Early Life/Education ==
Ada White Bacot was born on December 31, 1832 in Darlington District, South Carolina.<ref name=”:0″ /> She was the oldest of six siblings and attended St. Mary’s Academy in Raleigh, North Carolina.<ref name=”:0″ /> Her father, Peter Samuel Bacot, was a wealthy plantation owner and owned [[Roseville Plantation (Florence, South Carolina)|Roseville Plantation]].<ref name=”:1″>{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Ada Romaine |date=1996 |title=Review of A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Women’s Diaries and Letters of the Nineteenth-Century South |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44444650 |journal=Bulletin of the History of Medicine |volume=70 |issue=2 |pages=323–324 |issn=0007-5140}}</ref> Ada White Bacot was also a plantation owner and owned Arnmore Plantation, which she inherited from her late husband Thomas Wainwright Bacot Jr.<ref name=”:1″ /> Wainwright Bacot was killed in 1856.<ref name=”:1″ /> By 1860, Ada White Bacot was a widow and both of her daughters, Anna Jane and Emily Helen, had died.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Weiner |first=Marli F. |date=1995 |title=Review of A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2211602 |journal=The Journal of Southern History |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=382–383 |doi=10.2307/2211602 |issn=0022-4642}}</ref><ref name=”:3″>{{Cite book |last=Bacot |first=Ada W. (Ada White) |url=http://archive.org/details/confederatenurse0000baco |title=A Confederate nurse : the diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863 |date=1994 |publisher=Columbia : University of South Carolina Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-87249-970-6}}</ref> Bacot adopted a foster child named Flora, but struggled to look after Flora and dreaded teaching her.<ref name=”:3″ /> Bacot was [[Episcopalian]] and believed strongly in her religion.<ref name=”:3″ />
Ada White Bacot was born on December 31, 1832 in Darlington District, South Carolina.<ref name=”:0″ /> She was the oldest of six siblings and attended St. Mary’s Academy in Raleigh, North Carolina.<ref name=”:0″ /> Her father, Peter Samuel Bacot, was a wealthy plantation owner and owned [[Roseville Plantation (Florence, South Carolina)|Roseville Plantation]].<ref name=”:1″>{{Cite journal |last=Davis |first=Ada Romaine |date=1996 |title=Review of A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Women’s Diaries and Letters of the Nineteenth-Century South |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44444650 |journal=Bulletin of the History of Medicine |volume=70 |issue=2 |pages=323–324 |issn=0007-5140}}</ref> Ada White Bacot was also a plantation owner and owned Arnmore Plantation, which she inherited from her late husband Thomas Wainwright Bacot Jr.<ref name=”:1″ /> Wainwright Bacot was killed in 1856.<ref name=”:1″ /> By 1860, Ada White Bacot was a widow and both of her daughters, Anna Jane and Emily Helen, had died.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Weiner |first=Marli F. |date=1995 |title=Review of A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2211602 |journal=The Journal of Southern History |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=382–383 |doi=10.2307/2211602 |issn=0022-4642}}</ref><ref name=”:3″>{{Cite book |last=Bacot |first=Ada W. (Ada White) |url=http://archive.org/details/confederatenurse0000baco |title=A Confederate nurse : the diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863 |date=1994 |publisher=Columbia : University of South Carolina Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-87249-970-6}}</ref> Bacot adopted a foster child named Flora, but struggled to look after Flora and dreaded teaching her.<ref name=”:3″ /> Bacot was [[Episcopalian]] and believed strongly in her religion.<ref name=”:3″ />
=== ”’Career”’ ===
== Career ==
Ada White Bacot became a volunteer nurse in the [[Medicine in the American Civil War|Civil War]] out of patriotism for [[South Carolina]] and as an act against Southern patriarchy.<ref name=”:1″ /> Bacot began work at Monticello Hospital in Charlottesville, VA in December 1861.<ref name=”:0″ /> Monticello was one of the hospitals sponsored by the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association.<ref name=”:2″>{{Cite journal |last=Varon |first=Elizabeth R. |date=1995 |title=”A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Women’s Diaries and Letters of the Nineteenth-Century South Series by Jean V. Berlin” |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40583221 |journal=The Georgia Historical Quarterly |volume=79 |issue=1 |pages=273-274 |via=JSTOR}}</ref> The Association used raised and donated funds, along with money from South Carolina governor [[Francis Wilkinson Pickens|Francis Pickens]] to maintain multiple hospitals for Confederate soldiers.<ref name=”:3″ /> Bacot began work as a housekeeper and worked hard to keep the previously filthy hospital in good condition.<ref name=”:3″ /><ref name=”:2″ /> Eventually, Bacot took over the job of preparing food and doing laundry for wounded soldiers from Esse Habersham.<ref name=”:3″ /> Women were rarely allowed to look after patients, and almost all the female nurses performed housekeeper jobs rather than having medical duties.<ref name=”:3″ />
Ada White Bacot became a volunteer nurse in the [[Medicine in the American Civil War|Civil War]] out of patriotism for [[South Carolina]] and as an act against Southern patriarchy.<ref name=”:1″ /> Bacot began work at Monticello Hospital in Charlottesville, VA in December 1861.<ref name=”:0″ /> Monticello was one of the hospitals sponsored by the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association.<ref name=”:2″>{{Cite journal |last=Varon |first=Elizabeth R. |date=1995 |title=”A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Women’s Diaries and Letters of the Nineteenth-Century South Series by Jean V. Berlin” |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40583221 |journal=The Georgia Historical Quarterly |volume=79 |issue=1 |pages=273-274 |via=JSTOR}}</ref> The Association used raised and donated funds, along with money from South Carolina governor [[Francis Wilkinson Pickens|Francis Pickens]] to maintain multiple hospitals for Confederate soldiers.<ref name=”:3″ /> Bacot began work as a housekeeper and worked hard to keep the previously filthy hospital in good condition.<ref name=”:3″ /><ref name=”:2″ /> Eventually, Bacot took over the job of preparing food and doing laundry for wounded soldiers from Esse Habersham.<ref name=”:3″ /> Women were rarely allowed to look after patients, and almost all the female nurses performed housekeeper jobs rather than having medical duties.<ref name=”:3″ />
Bacot saw that many of the soldiers were lonely and frequently wrote letters for soldiers and read the Bible to them.<ref name=”:3″ /> Helping the soldiers made her feel as though she could help ease their sorrow and pain.<ref name=”:3″ /> Much of Bacot’s diary focuses on her interactions with coworkers and patients rather than her actual duties in the hospital, emphasizing her relationships over her work.<ref name=”:0″ /> A few of her closest companions were Esse Habersham, Dr. James Macintosh, and Dr. Edward Rembert.<ref name=”:3″ /> (15) Bacot later began work at Midway hospital, another Virginia hospital sponsored by the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association.<ref name=”:1″ /> She left for Midway upon request from Dr. Rembert, but struggled with the decision because Dr. McIntosh did not want her to leave Monticello.<ref name=”:3″ /> For unknown reasons, Ada White Bacot left the nursing profession in late 1863.<ref name=”:0″ />
Bacot saw that many of the soldiers were lonely and frequently wrote letters for soldiers and read the Bible to them.<ref name=”:3″ /> Helping the soldiers made her feel as though she could help ease their sorrow and pain.<ref name=”:3″ /> Much of Bacot’s diary focuses on her interactions with coworkers and patients rather than her actual duties in the hospital, emphasizing her relationships over her work.<ref name=”:0″ /> A few of her closest companions were Esse Habersham, Dr. James Macintosh, and Dr. Edward Rembert.<ref name=”:3″ /> (15) Bacot later began work at Midway hospital, another Virginia hospital sponsored by the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association.<ref name=”:1″ /> She left for Midway upon request from Dr. Rembert, but struggled with the decision because Dr. McIntosh did not want her to leave Monticello.<ref name=”:3″ /> For unknown reasons, Ada White Bacot left the nursing profession in late 1863.<ref name=”:0″ />
=== ”’Legacy”’ ===
== Legacy ==
During her duties, Ada White Bacot met her second husband, Thomas Clarke.<ref name=”:1″ /> Clarke, however, died just two months after they married in 1863.<ref name=”:1″ /> Bacot and Clarke had a son, Thomas Alfred Chives Clarke, who was born in 1864.<ref name=”:1″ /> Bacot later married James Clarke, Thomas’ brother, and they had four children together.<ref name=”:1″ />
During her duties, Ada White Bacot met her second husband, Thomas Clarke.<ref name=”:1″ /> Clarke, however, died just two months after they married in 1863.<ref name=”:1″ /> Bacot and Clarke had a son, Thomas Alfred Chives Clarke, who was born in 1864.<ref name=”:1″ /> Bacot later married James Clarke, Thomas’ brother, and they had four children together.<ref name=”:1″ />
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Ada White Bacot (December 31, 1832-April 11, 1911) was a Confederate nurse for Civil War soldiers from 1861-1863.[1] She worked as a nurse at Monticello Hospital and eventually Midway Hospital in Charlottesville, VA.[2] In 1863, Bacot left the nursing profession for unknown reasons.[1]
Early Life/Education
[edit]
Ada White Bacot was born on December 31, 1832 in Darlington District, South Carolina.[1] She was the oldest of six siblings and attended St. Mary’s Academy in Raleigh, North Carolina.[1] Her father, Peter Samuel Bacot, was a wealthy plantation owner and owned Roseville Plantation.[3] Ada White Bacot was also a plantation owner and owned Arnmore Plantation, which she inherited from her late husband Thomas Wainwright Bacot Jr.[3] Wainwright Bacot was killed in 1856.[3] By 1860, Ada White Bacot was a widow and both of her daughters, Anna Jane and Emily Helen, had died.[4][5] Bacot adopted a foster child named Flora, but struggled to look after Flora and dreaded teaching her.[5] Bacot was Episcopalian and believed strongly in her religion.[5]
Ada White Bacot became a volunteer nurse in the Civil War out of patriotism for South Carolina and as an act against Southern patriarchy.[3] Bacot began work at Monticello Hospital in Charlottesville, VA in December 1861.[1] Monticello was one of the hospitals sponsored by the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association.[6] The Association used raised and donated funds, along with money from South Carolina governor Francis Pickens to maintain multiple hospitals for Confederate soldiers.[5] Bacot began work as a housekeeper and worked hard to keep the previously filthy hospital in good condition.[5][6] Eventually, Bacot took over the job of preparing food and doing laundry for wounded soldiers from Esse Habersham.[5] Women were rarely allowed to look after patients, and almost all the female nurses performed housekeeper jobs rather than having medical duties.[5]
Bacot saw that many of the soldiers were lonely and frequently wrote letters for soldiers and read the Bible to them.[5] Helping the soldiers made her feel as though she could help ease their sorrow and pain.[5] Much of Bacot’s diary focuses on her interactions with coworkers and patients rather than her actual duties in the hospital, emphasizing her relationships over her work.[1] A few of her closest companions were Esse Habersham, Dr. James Macintosh, and Dr. Edward Rembert.[5] (15) Bacot later began work at Midway hospital, another Virginia hospital sponsored by the South Carolina Hospital Aid Association.[3] She left for Midway upon request from Dr. Rembert, but struggled with the decision because Dr. McIntosh did not want her to leave Monticello.[5] For unknown reasons, Ada White Bacot left the nursing profession in late 1863.[1]
During her duties, Ada White Bacot met her second husband, Thomas Clarke.[3] Clarke, however, died just two months after they married in 1863.[3] Bacot and Clarke had a son, Thomas Alfred Chives Clarke, who was born in 1864.[3] Bacot later married James Clarke, Thomas’ brother, and they had four children together.[3]
Ada White Bacot’s work as a Civil War nurse left a lasting impact on her personal feelings of independence.[7] Her relationships with both patients and other hospital employees helped her to find a sense of satisfaction.[7] Bacot learned many lessons about herself and the work gave her confidence.[3][7] Ada White Bacot died on April 11, 1911 and is buried at Roseville Plantation.[1]
Don’t use link for newspapers
- ^ a b c d e f g h “Bacot, Ada White”. South Carolina Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2025-10-05.
- ^ Waldron, Ann (March 1, 1995). ““Tending the Wounded Rebels”“. The Washington Post. p. 14. Retrieved October 5, 2025.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Davis, Ada Romaine (1996). “Review of A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Women’s Diaries and Letters of the Nineteenth-Century South”. Bulletin of the History of Medicine. 70 (2): 323–324. ISSN 0007-5140.
- ^ Weiner, Marli F. (1995). “Review of A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863”. The Journal of Southern History. 61 (2): 382–383. doi:10.2307/2211602. ISSN 0022-4642.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Bacot, Ada W. (Ada White) (1994). A Confederate nurse : the diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Internet Archive. Columbia : University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-87249-970-6.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link) - ^ a b Varon, Elizabeth R. (1995). ““A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863. Women’s Diaries and Letters of the Nineteenth-Century South Series by Jean V. Berlin”“. The Georgia Historical Quarterly. 79 (1): 273–274 – via JSTOR.
- ^ a b c Breeden, James O. (December 4, 1994). ““A Confederate Nurse: The Diary of Ada W. Bacot, 1860-1863 (review)”“. Civil War History. 40 (4): 331–332 – via Project MUSE.
