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After the signing of the [[Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina|1881 Treaty between Argentina and Chile]], the boundary in the area was defined in 1898 by the boundary surveyors, [[Francisco Pascasio Moreno]] from Argentina and [[Diego Barros Arana]] from Chile. Huemul was declared a border landmark. The surveyors had no differences in the area between Mount Fitz Roy and Cerro Stokes, unlike other territories that were subject to arbitration in the [[1902 Arbitral award of the Andes between Argentina and Chile|1902 arbitral award]]. The boundary was defined by the following mountain landmarks and their natural continuity: [[Mount Fitz Roy]], [[Cerro Torre|Torre]], [[Cerro Huemul|Huemul]], Campana, [[Cerro Agassiz|Agassiz]], [[Cerro Heim|Heim]], [[Cerro Mayo (Patagonia)|Mayo]], and [[Cerro Cervantes|Stokes (nowadays Cervantes)]].<ref name=Moreno1902>{{cite book|author1=[[Francisco Pascasio Moreno]]|title=Frontera Argentino-Chilena – Volumen II|date=1902|pages=905–911}}</ref><ref name=”Libro2025″>{{Cite book|last1=Ipinza Mayor|first1=Juan Ignacio|last2=Marangunic Damanovic|first2=Cedomir|last3=Murialdo Laport|first3=Helios|title=El límite internacional en el Campo de Hielo Patagónico Sur|year=2025|isbn=978-956-4238-97-5|author-link1=:es:Juan Ignacio Ipinza|author-link2=:es:Cedomir Marangunic|author-link3=Helios Murialdo|language=es}}</ref><ref name=Arbitraje1902>{{cite book|title=Arbitraje de Limites entre Chile i la Republica Arjentina – Esposicion Chilena – Tomo IV|date=1902|location=Paris|pages=1469–1484}}</ref><ref name=BarrosArana1898>{{cite book|author1=[[Diego Barros Arana]]|title=La Cuestion de Limites entre Chile i la Republica Arjentina|date=1898|location=Santiago de Chile}}</ref> Chile has defended it as a border landmark.<ref name=Daniel>{{cite web|author1=Daniel Álvarez Soza|title=CAMPOS DE HIELO SUR. UNA CONTROVERSIA PENDIENTE DE LÍMITES ENTRE ARGENTINA Y CHILE|url=https://revistas.userena.cl/index.php/ruta/article/view/1572|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231180440/https://revistas.userena.cl/index.php/ruta/article/view/1572|archive-date=December 31, 2022|publisher=Universidad de La Serena|date=2021|accessdate=December 31, 2022}}</ref> |
After the signing of the [[Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina|1881 Treaty between Argentina and Chile]], the boundary in the area was defined in 1898 by the boundary surveyors, [[Francisco Pascasio Moreno]] from Argentina and [[Diego Barros Arana]] from Chile. Huemul was declared a border landmark. The surveyors had no differences in the area between Mount Fitz Roy and Cerro Stokes, unlike other territories that were subject to arbitration in the [[1902 Arbitral award of the Andes between Argentina and Chile|1902 arbitral award]]. The boundary was defined by the following mountain landmarks and their natural continuity: [[Mount Fitz Roy]], [[Cerro Torre|Torre]], [[Cerro Huemul|Huemul]], Campana, [[Cerro Agassiz|Agassiz]], [[Cerro Heim|Heim]], [[Cerro Mayo (Patagonia)|Mayo]], and [[Cerro Cervantes|Stokes (nowadays Cervantes)]].<ref name=Moreno1902>{{cite book|author1=[[Francisco Pascasio Moreno]]|title=Frontera Argentino-Chilena – Volumen II|date=1902|pages=905–911}}</ref><ref name=”Libro2025″>{{Cite book|last1=Ipinza Mayor|first1=Juan Ignacio|last2=Marangunic Damanovic|first2=Cedomir|last3=Murialdo Laport|first3=Helios|title=El límite internacional en el Campo de Hielo Patagónico Sur|year=2025|isbn=978-956-4238-97-5|author-link1=:es:Juan Ignacio Ipinza|author-link2=:es:Cedomir Marangunic|author-link3=Helios Murialdo|language=es}}</ref><ref name=Arbitraje1902>{{cite book|title=Arbitraje de Limites entre Chile i la Republica Arjentina – Esposicion Chilena – Tomo IV|date=1902|location=Paris|pages=1469–1484}}</ref><ref name=BarrosArana1898>{{cite book|author1=[[Diego Barros Arana]]|title=La Cuestion de Limites entre Chile i la Republica Arjentina|date=1898|location=Santiago de Chile}}</ref> Chile has defended it as a border landmark.<ref name=Daniel>{{cite web|author1=Daniel Álvarez Soza|title=CAMPOS DE HIELO SUR. UNA CONTROVERSIA PENDIENTE DE LÍMITES ENTRE ARGENTINA Y CHILE|url=https://revistas.userena.cl/index.php/ruta/article/view/1572|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221231180440/https://revistas.userena.cl/index.php/ruta/article/view/1572|archive-date=December 31, 2022|publisher=Universidad de La Serena|date=2021|accessdate=December 31, 2022}}</ref> |
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In 1998, the “Agreement between the Republic of Chile and the Republic of Argentina to determine the boundary line from Mount Fitz Roy to Cerro Daudet” was signed, defining section A and a small part of section B, with the area between Fitz Roy and the Murallón still pending.<ref name=Acuerdo1998>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bcn.cl/leychile/navegar?idNorma=140087|title=Acuerdo entre la República de Chile y la República Argentina para precisar el recorrido del límite desde el Monte Fitz-Roy hasta el Cerro Daudet|date=December 1998}}</ref> |
In 1998, the “Agreement between the Republic of Chile and the Republic of Argentina to determine the boundary line from Mount Fitz Roy to Cerro Daudet” was signed, defining section A and a small part of section B, with the area between Fitz Roy and the Murallón still pending.<ref name=Acuerdo1998>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bcn.cl/leychile/navegar?idNorma=140087|title=Acuerdo entre la República de Chile y la República Argentina para precisar el recorrido del límite desde el Monte Fitz-Roy hasta el Cerro Daudet|date=December 1998}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 21:39, 28 January 2026
Mountain in Southern Patagonian Ice Field
Cerro Campana[1][2][3][4] or Cerro Cristal is a glaciated mountain in the Andes mountain range in Patagonia, located on the eastern edge of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field, west of Lake Viedma, and south of the glacier of the same name within the disputed area between Chile and Argentina.
For Argentina, the mountain has been part of Los Glaciares National Park since 1937, in the Lago Argentino Department of Santa Cruz Province, which was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981. For Chile, its western side has been part of Bernardo O’Higgins National Park since 1969, in the Natales commune of Última Esperanza Province in the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctic Region. Its height is 2,570 m (8,430 ft) above sea level,[5] and it is located near Cerro Mascarello and Cerro Moyano.
According to a study by the glaciologist Cedomir Marangunic, the original location understood by the expert Francisco Moreno in 1898 of the mountain is the same as cerro Cristal, being Agostini who misplaced it to the north.[6][7]
History
After the signing of the 1881 Treaty between Argentina and Chile, the boundary in the area was defined in 1898 by the boundary surveyors, Francisco Pascasio Moreno from Argentina and Diego Barros Arana from Chile. Huemul was declared a border landmark. The surveyors had no differences in the area between Mount Fitz Roy and Cerro Stokes, unlike other territories that were subject to arbitration in the 1902 arbitral award. The boundary was defined by the following mountain landmarks and their natural continuity: Mount Fitz Roy, Torre, Huemul, Campana, Agassiz, Heim, Mayo, and Stokes (nowadays Cervantes).[7][6][8][9] Chile has defended it as a border landmark.[4]
In 1998, the “Agreement between the Republic of Chile and the Republic of Argentina to determine the boundary line from Mount Fitz Roy to Cerro Daudet” was signed, defining section A and a small part of section B, with the area between Fitz Roy and the Murallón still pending. Marangunic takes as reference a photo of the mountain in Moreno’s book called “Argentine-Chilean Border – Volume II”.[10]
References
