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The defence of La Maddalena was the responsibility of Admiral Aristotele Bona, while the naval base itself was under the command of Captain Carlo Avegno, and the arsenal under Naval Engineer Colonel Giovanni Battista Ferracciolo.<ref>{{cita web|url=https://lamaddalena.info/prospetto-illustrativo-delle-batterie-dellestuario-all8-settembre-1943/|titolo=Prospetto illustrativo delle batterie dell’estuario all’8 settembre 1943 |autore=Gian Vincenzo Belli|accesso=4 marzo 2024}}</ref><ref name=Il-1943>{{cita web|url=https://lamaddalena.info/1943-lanno-della-fame-della-paura/|titolo=Il 1943, l’anno della fame e della paura|autore=Gian Vincenzo Belli|accesso=4 marzo 2024}}</ref>. |
The defence of La Maddalena was the responsibility of Admiral Aristotele Bona, while the naval base itself was under the command of Captain Carlo Avegno, and the arsenal under Naval Engineer Colonel Giovanni Battista Ferracciolo.<ref>{{cita web|url=https://lamaddalena.info/prospetto-illustrativo-delle-batterie-dellestuario-all8-settembre-1943/|titolo=Prospetto illustrativo delle batterie dell’estuario all’8 settembre 1943 |autore=Gian Vincenzo Belli|accesso=4 marzo 2024}}</ref><ref name=Il-1943>{{cita web|url=https://lamaddalena.info/1943-lanno-della-fame-della-paura/|titolo=Il 1943, l’anno della fame e della paura|autore=Gian Vincenzo Belli|accesso=4 marzo 2024}}</ref>. |
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When the time of the announcement of the armistice, there were very few naval vessels stationed at La Maddalena, consisting of a couple of corvettes (the Minerva, and Danaide), the submarine Filippo Corridoni, and the auxiliary vessel Antonio Pacinotti. The garrison of the island was the responsibility of the 391st Coastal Battalion, whose infantry units were positioned predominantly along the beaches. Even though there were many Navy personnel stationed at the naval base, most were untrained for combat activity and in many cases not even issued weaponry, making it near impossible for organised resistance to occur. The island itself was protected by a ring of coastal and anti-aircraft artillery, some of which was positioned on the nearby island of Capraia. |
When the time of the announcement of the armistice, there were very few naval vessels stationed at La Maddalena, consisting of a couple of corvettes (the Minerva, and Danaide), the submarine Filippo Corridoni, and the auxiliary vessel Antonio Pacinotti. The garrison of the island was the responsibility of the 391st Coastal Battalion, whose infantry units were positioned predominantly along the beaches. Even though there were many Navy personnel stationed at the naval base, most were untrained for combat activity and in many cases not even issued weaponry, making it near impossible for organised resistance to occur. The island itself was protected by a ring of coastal and anti-aircraft artillery, some of which was positioned on the nearby island of Capraia.<ref name=9-settembre>{{cita web|url=https://lamaddalena.info/9-settembre-1943/|titolo=9 settembre 1943|autore=Gian Vincenzo Belli|accesso=4 marzo 2024}}</ref> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Revision as of 14:10, 20 December 2025
Background
From July 25th to September 8th
After the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy during the unification process, the island of La Maddalena became a military base and coastal defence facility under the auspices of the Kingdom of Sardinia.[1]. Additionally, in 1857, the base was abandoned and was re-established as part of the newly unified Kingdom of Italy in 1887 and was designated for primary operation in the Tyrrhenian Sea. During this time, various amenities were established on the base, including Harbour Sheltorage Facilities, Supply Depots, Repair Facilities for the Italian Royal Navy, and a new modern Fortification System. In the 1920s, the Italian Navy upgraded the base to a Secound Category Naval Base and established it as a Submarine Station and Maritime Arsenal. During the Second World War, the base was used mainly to provide logistical and support services to the Italian Naval Services operating in the Mediterranean. In addition, after Mussolini was removed from power on 25 July 1943 and Marshal Pietro Badoglio was appointed to be the head of the government, Mussolini was held on the Island of Ponza until he was moved to the villa on La Maddalena.[2][3][4]
The plans of the Italians and the Germans
Brivonesi held the title of the senior Royal Navy official in Sardinia, however, he was not the overall authority for operational command for all military operations on that island. He reported, at the same time, to both General Basso for all military operations related to that island and to the Navy General Staff (Supermarina), leading to confusion due to dual dependency, creating conflicting directives and order sets.[5].
The defence of La Maddalena was the responsibility of Admiral Aristotele Bona, while the naval base itself was under the command of Captain Carlo Avegno, and the arsenal under Naval Engineer Colonel Giovanni Battista Ferracciolo.[6][7].
When the time of the announcement of the armistice, there were very few naval vessels stationed at La Maddalena, consisting of a couple of corvettes (the Minerva, and Danaide), the submarine Filippo Corridoni, and the auxiliary vessel Antonio Pacinotti. The garrison of the island was the responsibility of the 391st Coastal Battalion, whose infantry units were positioned predominantly along the beaches. Even though there were many Navy personnel stationed at the naval base, most were untrained for combat activity and in many cases not even issued weaponry, making it near impossible for organised resistance to occur. The island itself was protected by a ring of coastal and anti-aircraft artillery, some of which was positioned on the nearby island of Capraia.[8]
References
