| constell = [[Eridanus (constellation)|Eridanus]]<ref>{{cite constellation|GJ 86}}</ref>
| constell = [[Eridanus (constellation)|Eridanus]]<ref>{{cite constellation|GJ 86}}</ref>
| component1 = Gliese 86 A
| component1 = Gliese 86 A
| ra1 = {{RA|02|10|25.9191}}<ref name=“Gaia DR2”/>
| ra1 = {{RA|02|10|25.}}<ref name=/>
| dec1 = {{DEC|−50|49|25.467}}<ref name=“Gaia DR2”/>
| dec1 = {{DEC|−50|49|25.}}<ref name=/>
| appmag_v1 = 6.17<ref name=spectral_library_gj86A/>
| appmag_v1 = 6.17<ref name=spectral_library_gj86A/>
| component2 = Gliese 86 B
| component2 = Gliese 86 B
| ra2 = {{RA|02|10|26}}{{cn|date=June 2025}}
| ra2 = {{RA|02|10|26}}=
| dec2 = {{DEC|−50|49|2}}{{cn|date=June 2025}}
| dec2 = {{DEC|−50|49|}}=
| appmag_v2 = 14.0<ref name=holmberg2016/>
| appmag_v2 = 14.0<ref name=holmberg2016/>
}}
}}
{{Starbox astrometry
{{Starbox astrometry
| component1 = A
| component1 = A
| radial_v = 56.7<ref name=“apj764_1_78”/>
| radial_v = .<ref name=/>
| prop_mo_ra = {{val|2124.853|0.075|fmt=commas}}<ref name=”Gaia DR2″/>
| prop_mo_ra = {{val|.|fmt=commas}}
| prop_mo_dec = {{val|638.092|0.063}}<ref name=”Gaia DR2″/>
| prop_mo_dec = {{val|.}}
| pm_footnote = <ref name=GaiaDR3/>
| parallax = 92.7042
| p_error = 0.0454
| = .
| p_error = 0.0461
| parallax_footnote = <ref name=“Gaia DR2”/>
| parallax_footnote = <ref name=/>
| absmag_v = 5.95<ref name=Holmberg2009/>
| absmag_v = 5.95<ref name=Holmberg2009/>
}}
}}
==References==
==References==
{{reflist|refs=
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name=GaiaDR3b>{{Cite Gaia DR3|4937000898856154624}}</ref>
<ref name=reiners2020>{{cite journal |last1=Reiners |first1=Ansgar |last2=Zechmeister |first2=Mathias |title=Radial Velocity Photon Limits for the Dwarf Stars of Spectral Classes F-M |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |date=2020 |volume=247 |issue=1 |page=11 |doi=10.3847/1538-4365/ab609f |doi-access=free |arxiv=1912.04120 |bibcode=2020ApJS..247…11R }}</ref>
<ref name=reiners2020>{{cite journal |last1=Reiners |first1=Ansgar |last2=Zechmeister |first2=Mathias |title=Radial Velocity Photon Limits for the Dwarf Stars of Spectral Classes F-M |journal=The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |date=2020 |volume=247 |issue=1 |page=11 |doi=10.3847/1538-4365/ab609f |doi-access=free |arxiv=1912.04120 |bibcode=2020ApJS..247…11R }}</ref>
<ref name=”Fuhrmann2014″>{{cite journal | title=On the Age of Gliese 86 | last1=Fuhrmann | first1=K. | last2=Chini | first2=R. | last3=Buda | first3=L.-S. | last4=Pozo Nuñez | first4=F. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=785 | issue=1 | at=68 | year=2014 | bibcode=2014ApJ…785…68F | bibcode-access=free | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/68 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=”Fuhrmann2014″>{{cite journal | title=On the Age of Gliese 86 | last1=Fuhrmann | first1=K. | last2=Chini | first2=R. | last3=Buda | first3=L.-S. | last4=Pozo Nuñez | first4=F. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=785 | issue=1 | at=68 | year=2014 | bibcode=2014ApJ…785…68F | bibcode-access=free | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/68 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=”Raghavan2006″>{{cite journal | title=Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems | last1=Raghavan | first1=Deepak | last2=Henry | first2=Todd J. | last3=Mason | first3=Brian D. | last4=Subasavage | first4=John P. | last5=Jao | first5=Wei-Chun | last6=Beaulieu | first6=Thom D. | last7=Hambly | first7=Nigel C. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=646 | issue=1 | pages=523–542 | year=2006 | arxiv=astro-ph/0603836 | bibcode=2006ApJ…646..523R | bibcode-access=free | doi=10.1086/504823 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=”Raghavan2006″>{{cite journal | title=Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems | last1=Raghavan | first1=Deepak | last2=Henry | first2=Todd J. | last3=Mason | first3=Brian D. | last4=Subasavage | first4=John P. | last5=Jao | first5=Wei-Chun | last6=Beaulieu | first6=Thom D. | last7=Hambly | first7=Nigel C. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=646 | issue=1 | pages=523–542 | year=2006 | arxiv=astro-ph/0603836 | bibcode=2006ApJ…646..523R | bibcode-access=free | doi=10.1086/504823 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=”Wittenmyer2020″>{{cite journal | title=Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=Wang | first2=Songhu | last3=Horner | first3=Jonathan | last4=Butler | first4=R. P. | last5=Tinney | first5=C. G. | last6=Carter | first6=B. D. | last7=Wright | first7=D. J. | last8=Jones | first8=H. R. A. | last9=Bailey | first9=J. | last10=O’Toole | first10=S. J. | last11=Johns | first11=Daniel | display-authors=1 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=492 | issue=1 | pages=377–383 | year=2020 | arxiv=1912.01821 | bibcode=2020MNRAS.492..377W | doi=10.1093/mnras/stz3436 | doi-access=free | s2cid=208617606 }}</ref>
<ref name=”Wittenmyer2020″>{{cite journal | title=Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search | last1=Wittenmyer | first1=Robert A. | last2=Wang | first2=Songhu | last3=Horner | first3=Jonathan | last4=Butler | first4=R. P. | last5=Tinney | first5=C. G. | last6=Carter | first6=B. D. | last7=Wright | first7=D. J. | last8=Jones | first8=H. R. A. | last9=Bailey | first9=J. | last10=O’Toole | first10=S. J. | last11=Johns | first11=Daniel | display-authors=1 | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | volume=492 | issue=1 | pages=377–383 | year=2020 | arxiv=1912.01821 | bibcode=2020MNRAS.492..377W | doi=10.1093/mnras/stz3436 | doi-access=free | s2cid=208617606 }}</ref>
<ref name=”apj764_1_78″>{{citation
| display-authors=1
| last1=Ramírez | first1=I.
| last2=Allende Prieto | first2=C.
| last3=Lambert | first3=D. L.
| title=Oxygen abundances in nearby FGK stars and the galactic chemical evolution of the local disk and halo
| journal=The Astrophysical Journal
| volume=764 | issue=1 | page=78 | date=February 2013
| doi=10.1088/0004-637X/764/1/78 | doi-access=free | bibcode=2013ApJ…764…78R | bibcode-access=free
| arxiv=1301.1582 | postscript=.
}}</ref>
<ref name=”aj132_1_161″>{{citation
<ref name=”aj132_1_161″>{{citation
Binary star system in the constellation Eridanus
Gliese 86 (13 G. Eridani, HD 13445) is a K-type main-sequence star 35 light-years away in the constellation of Eridanus. It has been confirmed that a white dwarf orbits the primary star. In 1998 the European Southern Observatory announced that an extrasolar planet was also orbiting the star.[17]
The primary companion (Gliese 86 A) is a K-type main-sequence star of spectral type K1V. The characteristics in comparison to the Sun are 83% the mass, 79% the radius, and 50% the luminosity. The star has a close-orbiting massive Jovian planet.
Gliese 86 B is a white dwarf located around 21 AU from the primary star, making the Gliese 86 system one of the tightest binaries known to host an extrasolar planet.[18] It was discovered in 2001 and initially suspected to be a brown dwarf,[19] but high contrast observations in 2005 suggested that the object is probably a white dwarf, as its spectrum does not exhibit molecular absorption features which are typical of brown dwarfs.[20] Assuming the white dwarf has a mass about half that of the Sun and that the linear trend observed in radial velocity measurements is due to Gliese 86 B, a plausible orbit for this star around Gliese 86 A has a semimajor axis of 18.42 AU and an eccentricity of 0.3974.[21] When both stars were on the main sequence, the separation between the two stars was closer, at around 9 AU.[7] More precise measurements for the white dwarf give it a mass of 55% the mass of the Sun[7] and a temperature of around 8200 K.[11]
The planet Gliese 86 b was discovered by the Swiss 1.2 m Leonhard Euler Telescope operated by the Geneva Observatory.[22] Such an object was formed from a protoplanetary disk that was truncated at 2 AU from the parent star.[7]
The radial velocity measurements of Gliese 86 show a linear trend once the motion due to this planet are taken out. This may be associated with the orbital motion of the white dwarf companion.
- ^ Roman, Nancy G. (1987). “Identification of a constellation from a position”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695. Bibcode:1987PASP…99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034.
Constellation record for this object at VizieR. - ^ a b c d e Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). “Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A…674A…1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875.
Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR. - ^ C. Cincunegui; P. J. D. Mauas (2004). “Library of flux-calibrated echelle spectra of southern late-type dwarfs with different activity levels”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 414 (2): 699–706. Bibcode:2004A&A…414..699C. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20031671. hdl:11336/21158.
- ^ a b Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). “Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A…674A…1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875.
Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR. - ^ Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, T. D.; Sion, E. M.; McCook, G. P. (2016). “The 25 parsec local white dwarf population”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 462 (3): 2295. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.462.2295H. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw1357.
- ^ Gray, R. O.; et al. (July 2006), “Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample”, The Astronomical Journal, 132 (1): 161–170, arXiv:astro-ph/0603770, Bibcode:2006AJ….132..161G, doi:10.1086/504637.
- ^ a b c d e f Zeng, Yunlin; Brandt, Timothy D.; Li, Gongjie; Dupuy, Trent J.; Li, Yiting; Brandt, G. Mirek; Farihi, Jay; Horner, Jonathan; Wittenmyer, Robert A.; Butler, R. Paul.; Tinney, Christopher G.; Carter, Bradley D.; Wright, Duncan J.; Jones, Hugh R. A.; o’Toole, Simon J. (2022). “The Gliese 86 Binary System: A Warm Jupiter Formed in a Disk Truncated at ≈2 au”. The Astronomical Journal. 164 (5): 188. arXiv:2112.06394. Bibcode:2022AJ….164..188Z. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac8ff7. S2CID 252872318.
- ^ a b “Open Exoplanet Catalogue, Gliese 86”. Archived from the original on 2020-07-14. Retrieved 2020-07-13.
- ^ van Leeuwen, F. (2007). “Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A…474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. Vizier catalog entry Archived 2018-10-01 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Holmberg, J.; et al. (July 2009), “The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the solar neighbourhood. III. Improved distances, ages, and kinematics”, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 501 (3): 941–947, arXiv:0811.3982, Bibcode:2009A&A…501..941H, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811191.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Fuhrmann, K.; et al. (2014). “On the Age of Gliese 86”. The Astrophysical Journal. 785 (1). 68. Bibcode:2014ApJ…785…68F. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/785/1/68.
- ^ Reiners, Ansgar; Zechmeister, Mathias (2020). “Radial Velocity Photon Limits for the Dwarf Stars of Spectral Classes F-M”. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 247 (1): 11. arXiv:1912.04120. Bibcode:2020ApJS..247…11R. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab609f.
- ^ Cruz Aguirre, Fernando; Youngblood, Allison; France, Kevin; Bourrier, Vincent (2023). “Disentangling Stellar and Airglow Emission Lines from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) Spectra”. The Astrophysical Journal. 946 (2): 98. Bibcode:2023ApJ…946…98C. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acad7d.
- ^ Sion, Edward M.; Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, Terry D.; McCook, George P.; Wasatonic, Richard (2009). “The White Dwarfs within 20 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Statistics”. The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1681. arXiv:0910.1288. Bibcode:2009AJ….138.1681S. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1681.
- ^ “HD 13445”. SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
- ^ “HD 13445B”. SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2020-08-14.
- ^ “Extrasolar Planet in Double Star System Discovered from La Silla” (Press release). Garching, Germany: European Southern Observatory. November 24, 1998. Archived from the original on May 21, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2012.
- ^ Raghavan, Deepak; et al. (2006). “Two Suns in The Sky: Stellar Multiplicity in Exoplanet Systems”. The Astrophysical Journal. 646 (1): 523–542. arXiv:astro-ph/0603836. Bibcode:2006ApJ…646..523R. doi:10.1086/504823.
- ^ Els, S. G.; et al. (2001). “A second substellar companion in the Gliese 86 system. A brown dwarf in an extrasolar planetary system”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 370 (1): L1 – L4. Bibcode:2001A&A…370L…1E. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010298.
- ^ Mugrauer, M.; Neuhäuser, R. (2005). “Gl86B: a white dwarf orbits an exoplanet host star”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 361 (1): L15 – L19. arXiv:astro-ph/0506311. Bibcode:2005MNRAS.361L..15M. doi:10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.00055.x. S2CID 16904466.
- ^ Lagrange, A.-M.; et al. (2006). “New constrains on Gliese 86 B. VLT near infrared coronographic imaging survey of planetary hosts”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 459 (3): 955–963. Bibcode:2006A&A…459..955L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20054710.
- ^ “Southern Sky extrasolar Planet search Programme”. Archived from the original on 2020-07-15. Retrieved 2009-02-18.
- ^ Wittenmyer, Robert A.; et al. (2020). “Cool Jupiters greatly outnumber their toasty siblings: occurrence rates from the Anglo-Australian Planet Search”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (1): 377–383. arXiv:1912.01821. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492..377W. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3436. S2CID 208617606.
