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== History == |
== History == |
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”MS0” was invented by plant scientists [[Toshio Murashige]] and [[Folke K. Skoog]] in 1962 during Murashige’s search for a new [[plant growth regulator]]. A number behind the letters ”MS” is used to indicate the [[sucrose]] concentration of the medium. For example, ”MS0” contains no sucrose and ”MS20” contains 20 g/L sucrose. Along with its modifications, it is the most commonly used medium in |
”MS0” was invented by plant scientists [[Toshio Murashige]] and [[Folke K. Skoog]] in 1962 during Murashige’s search for a new [[plant growth regulator]]. A number behind the letters ”MS” is used to indicate the [[sucrose]] concentration of the medium. For example, ”MS0” contains no sucrose and ”MS20” contains 20 g/L sucrose. Along with its modifications, it is the most commonly used medium in plant tissue culture experiments in the laboratory.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Trigiano, Robert N. |author2=Gray, Dennis J. |name-list-style=amp |year=2010|title=Plant Tissue Culture,Development and Biotechnology |location=Boca Raton |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-4200-8326-2 |pages=186}}</ref> |
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As Skoog’s doctoral student, Murashige originally set out to find an as-yet undiscovered growth hormone present in [[Tobacco water|tobacco juice]]. No such component was discovered; instead, analysis of juiced tobacco and ashed tobacco revealed higher [[concentration]]s of specific [[mineral]]s in plant tissues than were previously known. A series of experiments demonstrated that varying the levels of these [[Inorganic compound|inorganic]] [[nutrient]]s enhanced [[Plant development|growth]] substantially over existing formulations. It was determined that [[nitrogen]] in particular enhanced growth of tobacco in tissue culture. |
As Skoog’s doctoral student, Murashige originally set out to find an as-yet undiscovered growth hormone present in [[Tobacco water|tobacco juice]]. No such component was discovered; instead, analysis of juiced tobacco and ashed tobacco revealed higher [[concentration]]s of specific [[mineral]]s in plant tissues than were previously known. A series of experiments demonstrated that varying the levels of these [[Inorganic compound|inorganic]] [[nutrient]]s enhanced [[Plant development|growth]] substantially over existing formulations. It was determined that [[nitrogen]] in particular enhanced growth of tobacco in tissue culture. |
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Latest revision as of 10:25, 21 December 2025
Growth medium used in plant cell culture
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Murashige and Skoog medium (or MSO or MS0 (MS-zero)) is the most popular plant growth medium used in the laboratories worldwide for cultivation of plant cell culture on agar.
MS0 was invented by plant scientists Toshio Murashige and Folke K. Skoog in 1962 during Murashige’s search for a new plant growth regulator. A number behind the letters MS is used to indicate the sucrose concentration of the medium. For example, MS0 contains no sucrose and MS20 contains 20 g/L sucrose. Along with its modifications, it is the most commonly used medium in plant tissue culture experiments in the laboratory.[1]
As Skoog’s doctoral student, Murashige originally set out to find an as-yet undiscovered growth hormone present in tobacco juice. No such component was discovered; instead, analysis of juiced tobacco and ashed tobacco revealed higher concentrations of specific minerals in plant tissues than were previously known. A series of experiments demonstrated that varying the levels of these inorganic nutrients enhanced growth substantially over existing formulations. It was determined that nitrogen in particular enhanced growth of tobacco in tissue culture.
According to recent scientific findings, however, MS medium is not suitable as a nutrient solution for deep water culture (hydroponics).[2] Organic compounds including vitamins are not required for normal plant nutrition.[3]
- Major salts (macronutrients)
- Minor salts (micronutrients)
- Vitamins and organic compounds
