User:CoffeeFan224/Nutritional psychiatry: Difference between revisions

 

Line 7: Line 7:

=== Article body ===

=== Article body ===

In the field of nutritional psychiatry, there is ongoing research about how different diet patterns influence the development or symptoms of psychiatric conditions, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.<ref name=”:0″>{{Cite journal |last=Dal |first=Nursel |last2=Bilici |first2=Saniye |date=2024-06-01 |title=An Overview of the Potential Role of Nutrition in Mental Disorders in the Light of Advances in Nutripsychiatry |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4 |journal=Current Nutrition Reports |language=en |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=69–81 |doi=10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4 |issn=2161-3311 |pmc=11133159 |pmid=38329691}}</ref> There is also research about how various diets could be potential avenues for treatment of mental health conditions.

In the field of nutritional psychiatry, there is ongoing research about how different diet patterns influence the development or symptoms of psychiatric conditions, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.<ref name=”:0″>{{Cite journal |last=Dal |first=Nursel |last2=Bilici |first2=Saniye |date=2024-06-01 |title=An Overview of the Potential Role of Nutrition in Mental Disorders in the Light of Advances in Nutripsychiatry |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4 |journal=Current Nutrition Reports |language=en |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=69–81 |doi=10.1007/s13668-024-00520-4 |issn=2161-3311 |pmc=11133159 |pmid=38329691}}</ref> There is also research about how various diets could be potential avenues for treatment of mental health conditions.

In addition, nutrition psychiatry acknowledges the importance of quality diet in relation to improved mood regulation. Research suggests that a quality diet is crucial for developing and maintaining a healthy brain. A healthy diet is generally characterized by a high intake of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, fish, and limited processed foods. Conversely, diets in high processed foods, fats and sugars are associated with anxiety and depression.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hart |first=Jane |date=2024-04-01 |title=Nutritional Psychiatry: Emerging Field Reveals that Dietary Habits Contribute to Risk of Mood Disorders |url=https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ict.2024.29117.jha |journal=Integrative and Complementary Therapies |language=en |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=60–62 |doi=10.1089/ict.2024.29117.jha |issn=2768-3192 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

In addition, nutrition psychiatry acknowledges the importance of quality diet in relation to improved mood regulation. Research suggests that a quality diet is crucial for developing and maintaining a healthy brain. A healthy diet is generally characterized by a high intake of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, fish, and limited processed foods. Conversely, diets high processed foods, fats and sugars are associated with anxiety and depression.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hart |first=Jane |date=2024-04-01 |title=Nutritional Psychiatry: Emerging Field Reveals that Dietary Habits Contribute to Risk of Mood Disorders |url=https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/ict.2024.29117.jha |journal=Integrative and Complementary Therapies |language=en |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=60–62 |doi=10.1089/ict.2024.29117.jha |issn=2768-3192 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>

The “[[Mediterranean diet|Mediterranean diet”]], which emphasizes vegetables, fruits, olive oil, and limited red meat and sugar, is a specific dietary pattern of interest for researchers given its anti-inflammatory effects. In contrast, the [[Western pattern diet|”Western diet]]” is seen as pro-inflammatory and contains more refined sugars, saturated fat, and sodium.<ref name=”:0″ /><ref name=”:1″>{{Cite journal |last=Aucoin |first=Monique |last2=LaChance |first2=Laura |last3=Naidoo |first3=Umadevi |last4=Remy |first4=Daniella |last5=Shekdar |first5=Tanisha |last6=Sayar |first6=Negin |last7=Cardozo |first7=Valentina |last8=Rawana |first8=Tara |last9=Chan |first9=Irina |last10=Cooley |first10=Kieran |date=2021-12-10 |title=Diet and Anxiety: A Scoping Review |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4418 |journal=Nutrients |language=en |volume=13 |issue=12 |pages=4418 |doi=10.3390/nu13124418 |issn=2072-6643 |pmc=8706568 |pmid=34959972}}</ref>

The “[[Mediterranean diet|Mediterranean diet”]], which emphasizes vegetables, fruits, olive oil, and limited red meat and sugar, is a specific dietary pattern of interest for researchers given its anti-inflammatory effects. In contrast, the [[Western pattern diet|”Western diet]]” is seen as pro-inflammatory and contains more refined sugars, saturated fat, and sodium.<ref name=”:0″ /><ref name=”:1″>{{Cite journal |last=Aucoin |first=Monique |last2=LaChance |first2=Laura |last3=Naidoo |first3=Umadevi |last4=Remy |first4=Daniella |last5=Shekdar |first5=Tanisha |last6=Sayar |first6=Negin |last7=Cardozo |first7=Valentina |last8=Rawana |first8=Tara |last9=Chan |first9=Irina |last10=Cooley |first10=Kieran |date=2021-12-10 |title=Diet and Anxiety: A Scoping Review |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/12/4418 |journal=Nutrients |language=en |volume=13 |issue=12 |pages=4418 |doi=10.3390/nu13124418 |issn=2072-6643 |pmc=8706568 |pmid=34959972}}</ref>

====== Depression ======

====== Depression ======

There are many factors that have been found to contribute to depression. Some of these include inflammation, oxidative stress, and the brain-gut microbiome system.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marx |first=Wolfgang |last2=Lane |first2=Melissa |last3=Hockey |first3=Meghan |last4=Aslam |first4=Hajara |last5=Berk |first5=Michael |last6=Walder |first6=Ken |last7=Borsini |first7=Alessandra |last8=Firth |first8=Joseph |last9=Pariante |first9=Carmine M. |last10=Berding |first10=Kirsten |last11=Cryan |first11=John F. |last12=Clarke |first12=Gerard |last13=Craig |first13=Jeffrey M. |last14=Su |first14=Kuan-Pin |last15=Mischoulon |first15=David |date=2021-01 |title=Diet and depression: exploring the biological mechanisms of action |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-020-00925-x |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |language=en |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=134–150 |doi=10.1038/s41380-020-00925-x |issn=1476-5578}}</ref> An area of research in nutritional psychiatry is assessing if nutritional therapies that target these factors (such as diets that are anti-inflammatory or beneficial for gut health) will improve mental health.

There are many factors that have been found to contribute to depression. Some of these include inflammation, oxidative stress, and the brain-gut microbiome system.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Marx |first=Wolfgang |last2=Lane |first2=Melissa |last3=Hockey |first3=Meghan |last4=Aslam |first4=Hajara |last5=Berk |first5=Michael |last6=Walder |first6=Ken |last7=Borsini |first7=Alessandra |last8=Firth |first8=Joseph |last9=Pariante |first9=Carmine M. |last10=Berding |first10=Kirsten |last11=Cryan |first11=John F. |last12=Clarke |first12=Gerard |last13=Craig |first13=Jeffrey M. |last14=Su |first14=Kuan-Pin |last15=Mischoulon |first15=David |date=2021-01 |title=Diet and depression: exploring the biological mechanisms of action |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-020-00925-x |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |language=en |volume=26 |issue=1 |pages=134–150 |doi=10.1038/s41380-020-00925-x |issn=1476-5578}}</ref> An area of research in nutritional psychiatry is assessing if nutritional therapies that target these factors (such as diets that are anti-inflammatory or beneficial for gut health) will improve mental health.

A Mediterranean diet has been shown to improve depression, including when coupled with fish oil supplements.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grajek |first=Mateusz |last2=Krupa-Kotara |first2=Karolina |last3=Białek-Dratwa |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Sobczyk |first4=Karolina |last5=Grot |first5=Martina |last6=Kowalski |first6=Oskar |last7=Staśkiewicz |first7=Wiktoria |date=2022-08-22 |title=Nutrition and mental health: A review of current knowledge about the impact of diet on mental health |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.943998/full |journal=Frontiers in Nutrition |language=English |volume=9 |doi=10.3389/fnut.2022.943998 |issn=2296-861X |pmc=9441951 |pmid=36071944}}</ref> Vitamin D supplementation and fish oil supplementation are also thought to reduce levels of inflammation, and findings suggest that adding vitamin D and fish oil supplements to an existing treatment for depression could have benefits.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Raza |first=Muhammad Liaquat |last2=Hassan |first2=Syed Tawassul |last3=Jamil |first3=Subia |last4=Fatima |first4=Wajiha |last5=Fatima |first5=Madiha |date=2025-02-01 |title=Nutritional interventions in depression: The role of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids in neuropsychiatric health |url=https://www.clinicalnutritionjournal.com/article/S0261-5614(25)00010-X/abstract |journal=Clinical Nutrition |language=English |volume=45 |pages=270–280 |doi=10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.009 |issn=0261-5614 |pmid=39874718}}</ref> Ultra-processed foods are also associated with depression.<ref name=”:2″>{{Cite journal |last=Lane |first=Melissa M. |last2=Gamage |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Travica |first3=Nikolaj |last4=Dissanayaka |first4=Thusharika |last5=Ashtree |first5=Deborah N. |last6=Gauci |first6=Sarah |last7=Lotfaliany |first7=Mojtaba |last8=O’Neil |first8=Adrienne |last9=Jacka |first9=Felice N. |last10=Marx |first10=Wolfgang |date=2022-06-21 |title=Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/13/2568 |journal=Nutrients |language=en |volume=14 |issue=13 |pages=2568 |doi=10.3390/nu14132568 |issn=2072-6643 |pmc=9268228 |pmid=35807749}}</ref>

A Mediterranean diet has been shown to improve depression, including when coupled with fish oil supplements.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Grajek |first=Mateusz |last2=Krupa-Kotara |first2=Karolina |last3=Białek-Dratwa |first3=Agnieszka |last4=Sobczyk |first4=Karolina |last5=Grot |first5=Martina |last6=Kowalski |first6=Oskar |last7=Staśkiewicz |first7=Wiktoria |date=2022-08-22 |title=Nutrition and mental health: A review of current knowledge about the impact of diet on mental health |url=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.943998/full |journal=Frontiers in Nutrition |language=English |volume=9 |doi=10.3389/fnut.2022.943998 |issn=2296-861X |pmc=9441951 |pmid=36071944}}</ref> Vitamin D supplementation and fish oil supplementation are also thought to reduce levels of inflammation, and findings suggest that adding vitamin D and fish oil supplements to an existing treatment for depression could have benefits.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Raza |first=Muhammad Liaquat |last2=Hassan |first2=Syed Tawassul |last3=Jamil |first3=Subia |last4=Fatima |first4=Wajiha |last5=Fatima |first5=Madiha |date=2025-02-01 |title=Nutritional interventions in depression: The role of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids in neuropsychiatric health |url=https://www.clinicalnutritionjournal.com/article/S0261-5614(25)00010-X/abstract |journal=Clinical Nutrition |language=English |volume=45 |pages=270–280 |doi=10.1016/j.clnu.2025.01.009 |issn=0261-5614 |pmid=39874718}}</ref> Ultra-processed foods are also associated with depression.<ref name=”:2″>{{Cite journal |last=Lane |first=Melissa M. |last2=Gamage |first2=Elizabeth |last3=Travica |first3=Nikolaj |last4=Dissanayaka |first4=Thusharika |last5=Ashtree |first5=Deborah N. |last6=Gauci |first6=Sarah |last7=Lotfaliany |first7=Mojtaba |last8=O’Neil |first8=Adrienne |last9=Jacka |first9=Felice N. |last10=Marx |first10=Wolfgang |date=2022-06-21 |title=Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies |url=https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/13/2568 |journal=Nutrients |language=en |volume=14 |issue=13 |pages=2568 |doi=10.3390/nu14132568 |issn=2072-6643 |pmc=9268228 |pmid=35807749}}</ref>

This is the sandbox page where you will draft your initial Wikipedia contribution. If you’re starting a new article, you can develop it here until it’s ready to go live. If you’re working on improvements to an existing article, copy only one section at a time of the article to this sandbox to work on, and be sure to use an edit summary linking to the article you copied from. Do not copy over the entire article. You can find additional instructions here. Remember to save your work regularly using the “Publish page” button. (It just means ‘save’; it will still be in the sandbox.) You can add bold formatting to your additions to differentiate them from existing content.

Nutritional psychiatry is an emerging field that investigates the complex relationship between an individual’s diet, nutrient intake, and mental health. The discipline integrates clinical principles of psychiatry to explore how nutritional strategies can be utilized for both the prevention and treatment of various mental health disorders.^[1]

In the field of nutritional psychiatry, there is ongoing research about how different diet patterns influence the development or symptoms of psychiatric conditions, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.^[2] There is also research about how various diets could be potential avenues for treatment of mental health conditions.

In addition, nutrition psychiatry acknowledges the importance of quality diet in relation to improved mood regulation. Research suggests that a quality diet is crucial for developing and maintaining a healthy brain. A healthy diet is generally characterized by a high intake of fruit, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, fish, and limited processed foods. Conversely, diets high in processed foods, fats and sugars are associated with anxiety and depression.^[3]

The “Mediterranean diet”, which emphasizes vegetables, fruits, olive oil, and limited red meat and sugar, is a specific dietary pattern of interest for researchers given its anti-inflammatory effects. In contrast, the “Western diet” is seen as pro-inflammatory and contains more refined sugars, saturated fat, and sodium.^[2][4]

There are many factors that have been found to contribute to depression. Some of these include inflammation, oxidative stress, and the brain-gut microbiome system.^[5] An area of research in nutritional psychiatry is assessing if nutritional therapies that target these factors (such as diets that are anti-inflammatory or beneficial for gut health) will improve mental health.

A Mediterranean diet has been shown to improve depression, including when coupled with fish oil supplements.^[6] Vitamin D supplementation and fish oil supplementation are also thought to reduce levels of inflammation, and findings suggest that adding vitamin D and fish oil supplements to an existing treatment for depression could have benefits.^[7] Ultra-processed foods are also associated with depression.^[8]

The gut microbiome has also been shown to influence brain health.^[9] The presence of different species of bacteria in the gut will change depending on type of diet pattern such as Western versus a Mediterranean diet.^[10] Studies have shown that “prebiotic, probiotic, or synbiotic treatment” can reduce depressive symptoms.^[2]

A Mediterranean diet, along with “more fruits and vegetables, omega-3 fatty acids, ‘healthy’ dietary patterns, caloric restriction, breakfast consumption, ketogenic diet, broad-spectrum micronutrient supplementation, zinc, magnesium and selenium, probiotics, and a range of phytochemicals” is associated with less anxiety.^[4] Meanwhile, dietary factors associated with increased anxiety include diets high in saturated fats and sugar^[4] as well as consuming a high amount of ultra-processed foods.^[8]

Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, like depression, are also associated with inflammation.^[2]

It is possible that bipolar disorder symptoms could also be improved by diet, specifically by omega-3 fatty acids, probiotics, and coenzyme Q supplements. A well-balanced diet overall is protective in bipolar disorder, but further research is required to determine whether a specific supplement regimen should become standard.^[11]

---