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=== Dual Process Theories === |
=== Dual Process Theories === |
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Dual process theories are a class of theories that are used to explain many cognitive processes, including judgement and decision-making.<ref name=”:0″>{{Cite journal |last=Evans |first=Jonathan St. B. T. |last2=Stanovich |first2=Keith E. |date=2013-05-01 |title=Dual-Process Theories of Higher Cognition: Advancing the Debate |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691612460685 |journal=Perspectives on Psychological Science |language=EN |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=223–241 |doi=10.1177/1745691612460685 |issn=1745-6916}}</ref> Dual process theories assume that humans possess two types of cognitive processing: Type 1 and Type 2 (Also known as System 1 and System 2, respectively).<ref name=”:0″ /> Type 1 relies automatic processing, does not require working memory, and is typically the faster of the two types. Type 2 relies on controlled processing, requiring controlled attention and working memory.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barrouillet |first=Pierre |date=2011-09-01 |title=Dual-process theories and cognitive development: Advances and challenges |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027322971100013X |journal=Developmental Review |series=Special Issue: Dual-Process Theories of Cognitive Development |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=79–85 |doi=10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.002 |issn=0273-2297}}</ref> The automatic/controlled distinction between Type 1 and Type 2 is only one of many common distinctions. Some others include: unconscious/conscious, associative/rule-based, and intuitive/deliberate.<ref name=”:0″ /> Besides the automatic/controlled distinction, criticism exists for common distinctions between Type 1 and Type 2 processes, arising from inconsistent findings or disagreements among researchers.<ref name=”:0″ /> For instance, the unconscious/conscious is commonly criticized for its lack of conceptual clarity, making it vague and an unreliable identifier of Type 1 and Type 2 processing.<ref name=”:0″ /> |
Dual process theories are a class of theories that are used to explain many cognitive processes, including judgement and decision-making.<ref name=”:0″>{{Cite journal |last=Evans |first=Jonathan St. B. T. |last2=Stanovich |first2=Keith E. |date=2013-05-01 |title=Dual-Process Theories of Higher Cognition: Advancing the Debate |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691612460685 |journal=Perspectives on Psychological Science |language=EN |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=223–241 |doi=10.1177/1745691612460685 |issn=1745-6916}}</ref> Dual process theories assume that humans possess two types of cognitive processing: Type 1 and Type 2 (Also known as System 1 and System 2, respectively).<ref name=”:0″ /> Type 1 relies automatic processing, does not require working memory, and is typically the faster of the two types. Type 2 relies on controlled processing, requiring controlled attention and working memory.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Barrouillet |first=Pierre |date=2011-09-01 |title=Dual-process theories and cognitive development: Advances and challenges |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027322971100013X |journal=Developmental Review |series=Special Issue: Dual-Process Theories of Cognitive Development |volume=31 |issue=2 |pages=79–85 |doi=10.1016/j.dr.2011.07.002 |issn=0273-2297}}</ref> The automatic/controlled distinction between Type 1 and Type 2 is only one of many common distinctions. Some others include: unconscious/conscious, associative/rule-based, and intuitive/deliberate.<ref name=”:0″ /> Besides the automatic/controlled distinction, criticism exists for common distinctions between Type 1 and Type 2 processes, arising from inconsistent findings or disagreements among researchers.<ref name=”:0″ /> For instance, the unconscious/conscious is commonly criticized for its lack of conceptual clarity, making it vague and an unreliable identifier of Type 1 and Type 2 processing.<ref name=”:0″ /> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Dual Process Theories
Dual Process Theories
Dual process theories are a class of theories that are used to explain many cognitive processes, including judgement and decision-making.[1] Dual process theories assume that humans possess two types of cognitive processing: Type 1 and Type 2 (Also known as System 1 and System 2, respectively).[1] Type 1 relies automatic processing, does not require working memory, and is typically the faster of the two processing types. Type 2 relies on controlled processing, requiring controlled attention and working memory.[2] The automatic/controlled distinction between Type 1 and Type 2 is only one of many common distinctions. Some others include: unconscious/conscious, associative/rule-based, and intuitive/deliberate.[1] Besides the automatic/controlled distinction, criticism exists for common distinctions between Type 1 and Type 2 processes, arising from inconsistent findings or disagreements among researchers.[1] For instance, the unconscious/conscious is commonly criticized for its lack of conceptual clarity, making it vague and an unreliable identifier of Type 1 and Type 2 processing.[1]
